Speaking to the first part of this, probably, but you'd be surprised how little sports psychology training was going on back in the early 2000's and still now! Which is why it's introduction was one of the marginal gains that took place that vaulted Team GB to so many medals, particularly in cycling, in 2012. Many sports people get to an elite level but never fulfil their full potential because they don't have the mental toughness to overcome adversity in a specific area.
Also, remember that elite can be anything from national to international to paid to play. Think Liverpool Vs Accrington Stanley both paid, but at different ends of an elite level spectrum.
Not every athlete has the bouncebackability to achieve to their highest level when faced with a problem, be it losing, injury, the weather etc.
Yes they might be elite level but they might not be gold medal standard due to, for example, their inability to get over a miss on goal.
Matthew Syed wrote a great book about this called Bounce - The myth of talent and the power of practice. He doesn't just cover sport in the book either, a fascinating read if you think that 10000 hours practice is 'all' you need to be elite.
The question was, can resilience be taught - the answer I gave was yes, I believe it can.
As to whether resilience training is a good use of the pot of money, I don't have an opinion on that (and Marcus Aurelius - Meditations 6.52 tells me that's OK!).