There's an excellent article on the state of UK farming here: https://unherd.com/2024/11/a-farmers-revolt-is-coming/
The short version is that while the Labour tax changes won't help, the main problems stem from the utter mishandling of Brexit by the previous government, including the hastily-signed trade deals with Australia and others. If I remember correctly even the minister who signed the Australia deal went on record about a year later to say how bad it was.
Something that also got me thinking was this: "It takes many farmers half their working lives to sort out their parent’s succession, pay out their siblings, and get their business breaking even." (emphasis added by me)
I picked up on that because one of the criticisms of the IHT changes has been that, even with 10 years to pay the tax, it might involve selling off some of the land. But as the piece notes, if a farmer dies with more than one child and wants to leave the farm to only one of them (perhaps only one of them wants to continue in farming), then for the estate to be divided up equitably, the child who gets the farm already has to generate a lot more than 20% of the value above £1 million to do so.
But I don't know whether that means that the extra IHT is going to be the straw that breaks the camel's back, or conversely, that "having to find money after the will is read" is something that farmers — perhaps with the help of innovative financial products? — have been dealing with for a long time, and so the IHT thing is just going to be a bit more of the same. I'm not sure how much sympathy we should have for the second child of the farmer, who is in a different line of work altogether and would be using their share of the inheritance to pay off their mortgage.
But maybe I have completely misunderstood how all of that works, in which case please let me know what actually happens.