When you have been abused it's natural human nature to think to yourself, "is there something I did or didn't do that caused it?" The answer is no! The only person to blame is the one who has purposely used their position of power over you to try to get you to do something against your will. If you challenge them, they immediately try to diminish or say it's your fault for not taking a "joke". They will try to make you doubt yourself by saying you are too uptight, should be flattered or it's normal. The abuser will manage the people around you, to make it seem like you are being troublesome or unreasonable, to undermine you. Where there's an age or experience difference, they will see that as just another way to make you feel vulnerable and unsure.
He purposely used your age, inexperience in the role and his position of power over you. He knew it was wrong but thought he could get away with it.
To be clear, no job should require you to put up with "accidentally" inappropriate touching you, asking about sexuality or relationships or getting you to book hotel rooms together.
You shouldn't ever think of putting up with it, to get along. The abuser is unlikely to stop and will likely just continue to escalate, until they get what they want. If you do "go along" with it, they will use it as evidence that you "wanted it" and then just had a change of heart to trick them.
Often colleagues are aware but either they are afraid of losing their jobs or just glad it's not them who has been targeted.
If you are ever in a similar situation in the future, make sure you know what the policy is for reporting it. Do so, as soon as possible. Stay factual and keep all evidence and notes on exactly who said what and when.
As they have already pushed you out of your job, your way of remedy is to go for unfair dismissal. It might be emotionally difficult but if nothing else, it's going to shine a spotlight on the ex boss and might stop him making the next young woman his target. If it goes well, you will be compensated for what he put you through.
I feel for you, especially as it's the beginning of your working life and it must have been very difficult and stressful. It shakes your trust in people and makes you doubt who you are and how you should be. The vast majority of workplaces aren't going to be like this and won't treat you like this. I've a daughter who is a similar age and I would be immensely proud of her, if she was able to be as strong as you are being in such a difficult situation.