Interestingly, to me anyway, a look at an online dictionary showed that there were quite a few but many have largely fallen into disuse. Words such as: oaf, pillock, chump, goon, clot, knucklehead, muppet, blackguard, heel, knave, rapscallion, rogue, reprobate, scoundrel, shyster, scamp, villain.
We tend to use much more vulgar terms nowadays: bastard, prick, dickhead, dipstick and because it was an American dictionary: motherfucker, jerk, asshole, jackass and the ultimate in misogyny son of a bitch.
Some, perhaps many of the above terms could apply to women as well, but in my experience they were used primarily, if not exclusively, for men.
It does seem that some insulting words used to describe women were only used about women: hag, bitch, nag and as you point out harridan. Karen might be a modern example, although it seems men are increasingly being called Karens. I don't know if that is progress or not.