Be very careful what you wish for.
The Irish property crash of 2008 of probably the best example of why this isn’t a good idea.
I was a first time buyer in Dublin in 2007. Got a 95% mortgage. The market crashed massively and I was in severe negative equity. When my fixed rate ended, my options around moving banks were limited as I didn’t meet any favourable LTV offers.
One of the biggest markers of a recession is unemployment. It’s going to be interesting to see what happens to businesses in the UK with rising costs. I’d imagine a lot of businesses like cinemas, soft play, cafes, bowling alleys etc that have to keep the lights and heat on all day but don’t always know exactly how many people will be coming through their doors and have to reduced operating hours, or shut down.
If a number of cafes close, not only will the cafe employees be unemployed, there’ll be less demand for coffee roasters, for wholesale bakeries, for companies that make and service tills, for software that runs their booking system. There’ll be fewer transactions and so banks will need fewer staff.
When a string of cafes shit down, people worry for the service staff, but they also need to think about the impact on software engineers and paper cup manufacturers.
So back to Ireland, house prices drop as people can’t afford to keep their mortgages as their interest rates are increasing and suddenly you land large-scale unemployment on it. There’s public sector pay cuts and general wage stagnation.
People are defaulting on mortgages and banks are losing money. Some are bailed-out by the government at the cost of billions to the tax-payer.
First-time buyers are most impacted as they didn’t buy property with a high deposit from equity held in previous properties.
Cheap and easy mortgage products are blamed. There’s no more 100% or 95% mortgages. If a bank needs to repossess a property that’s been defaulted on, there’s no point needing to reclaim the 99% of the mortgage that’s still outstanding when they’ll only get 70% of that on the market.
New lending criteria is introduced. Borrowers are capped at 3.5 times their incomes. First-time buyers need a minimum of 10% deposit, everyone else needs 20%.
Some people do really well out of this recession, namely those who were very rich to start with and have the money to snap up cheap property. It’s not worth their while selling or renting it out, so they hoard it. Lots of boarded-up houses, apartments, and shops.
Recessions move money, and it’s never towards the poor.
Those who have nice properties to sell but aren’t in a situation where they’re desperate for the money hold off on putting them on the market. If you’re thinking of down-sizing but will only get 60% of the price you would have sold for a year ago, why would you put your nice 4-bed detached house on the market when you don’t need to? You’ll stay there until the market recovers.
Lots of people having their new houses built on their own land had the banks decline to release next phases of funding halfway through and so the countryside was littered with abandoned half-built houses. Lots of them had to be demolished as they’d deteriorated over the years.
Then a new thing happens. Vulture funds. Overseas private equity companies realising there’s cheap property in Ireland. A lot of these are linked to pension funds so someone in Canada invests in a pension that buys up loads of cheap property in Dublin. And I’m talking tens of thousands of properties.
They're buying in such volumes that a lot of properties don’t even go onto the market- estate agents know what the vulture funds will pay and so competition is very limited.
This has been happening in London for a long time in terms of Chinese and Russian investors buying up expensive real estate to let it lie vacant. A property crash would likely accelerate their rate of purchase. Maybe not Russians with the sanctions, but a Chinese housing market crash is predicted so you’ll see them look outside the Asian market.
Fast forward to c. 2018 when Ireland has recovered fairly well. Employment is up, lots of people have been quietly paying their way out of negative equity and so have more freedom to choose better mortgage products. Globally, economies are doing well and house prices increase. But there’s a supply issue. Not as much construction took place during that big recession so there’s a shortage of houses. Those who survived the trauma of buying and then facing immediate negative equity want a good price for their house.
There’s a shortage of rental properties. Those vulture funds are basically dictating the supply and demand in the rental market. Indigenous property firms are also massive contributors to this. A lot of apartment developments in Dublin city centre are buy-to-rent so again, vulture funds and rich individuals buying apartments and renting them out at massive, MASSIVE rents. I’m talking €4,500/month for a two-bed apartment.
Small landlords are exiting the market because tax on renting is so prohibitive (52% on all rental income for those who are above a not-very-high high-earnings tax band, with relief on the mortgage interest). Funds and developers are buying those properties up and again have more control of more properties.
I recently needed a valuation on my Dublin property that I bought in 2007, for tax purposes. The EA told me to let him know if I intended to sell as he has an overseas investment company who will give me 20% above the valuation without it going on the market. I’m not selling and, if I did, I’d like it to go to a family but the truth is I was on my knees trying to keep the mortgage on it when the market crashed. It’s only in the last two years that it’s to the level where I could sell it for the same price I originally purchased it. That property was a weight around my neck for a decade and prevented me from being able to sell, relocate, and buy a house that better suited my family. As much as I’d like to say I have the integrity to tell a vulture fund to fuck off, making as much as I can out of it would be very, very tempting.
So now you have a situation where there are loads of young people who can’t buy in Dublin and across Ireland because-
- Not enough homes are being built.
- When they are, a lot don’t make it to market due to vulture funds
- Young people are paying massive rents and so unable to save for a 10% deposit
If you look at any Irish newspaper, you’ll be articles about dozens and dozens of viewers coming to look at one available rental property. They’ll offer higher deposits, 6 months rent upfront. They’ll even offer a higher rent amount and will cause a bidding war. To rent.
A massive property crash benefits only the wealthy. Sure, you’ll have a small cohort of “normal” people who have a big deposit already, secure jobs, and a market crash will benefit them, but they are in the minority.