Demographics are only part of it.
The bulge in boomers impacted society right from when they came of age, from policy around education and jobs, to housing, regulation, and healthcare. This issue stems from Gen X expecting the same as what the boomers has, and to some points they got it, however partway through that generation the drawbridge started to be pulled up as it wasn’t sustainable. Policy’s still focus on boomers and older gen x with the future bring constantly mortgaged form millennials and gen z to pay back. It’s only not sustainable as we operate on a buy now pay later system of tax.
the issue is policy not the system one group made there way through the system not contributing anywhere near enough, we now have to pay the demographic price because there are less of the following generations so cost is now a concern.
do we need reform, yes but not in the us model, nor should we abandon the principle of free at the point of need.
privatisation can be used for good, however often it becomes a price race to the bottom with quality and standards slipping, and to maintain these wages get sliced to the bone, meaning while you can get greater cost benefits the question becomes at what detriment to society when wages get cut, and profit margins maintained to keep growth, and all the while executive remuneration increases further creating disparities.
take a watch of
what we need is a longer term strategy built by consensus and the needs of society and not subject to the whims of democratic change. Constant flip flopping wastes time, money and is subject to ideology and not sound strategy.
I personally think the nhs and a lot of public infrastructure should be in public hands, but at arms reach from ministers. Governments could set some key goals and targets but the main running would be by a separate body. (Similar to Bank of England with interest rates)