Some things I wish I'd known a while ago - now I've finally had some success with long term weight loss...
- How can you tell how many calories are breakeven for you?
Trying to go by standard basal metabolic rates for your height/size is inaccurate. Trying to assess how many calories you take in is inaccurate. Subtracting one from the other is often very inaccurate. But you can figure out what you need to change from your current lifestyle easily enough.
To do this, weigh yourself when you get out of bed in the morning every day for a month. Eat/exercise as normal when you are doing this. Use a website like www.fourmilab.ch/hackdiet/online/hdo.html to plot a moving average. You will then know how quickly you are gaining/losing weight on your current lifestyle.
To translate that into action, each pound/month equates to about 110 calories/day. So if you are gaining a pound a month, you need to cut out 110 calories/day from your current lifestyle to reach breakeven, and then whatever extra you need to attain your desired weight loss rate.
- How much of a calorie deficit should you aim for?
A general rule of thumb is that you shouldn't push weight loss rate above 2 pounds a week: doing so risks doing strange things to your body's balance, and can even result in the body burning muscle rather than fat to meet energy needs (bad news, particularly as the heart is a muscle).
Sustainable weight loss rates over long term dieting are often in the 1-to-2 pound a week range. This equates to a calorie deficit of 500 to 1,000 per day. I've been losing weight at a rate of 1.5 pounds a week (750 a day) without feeling hungry.
- What are good ways to cut out calories?
This will really depend on your current lifestyle and your target. Some no-brainers are reducing processed and high-glycemic-index foods, also cut out booze as far as you possibly can. All of these are killers to a diet as your body hoovers up lots of calories very quickly from all of them and then starts begging for more.
If you are constantly feeling hungry, something is wrong. Try spacing out meals more. And make sure you're not eating or drinking stuff that will get hoovered up super-quick by your body and give you a sugar crash.
You should absolutely be able to maintain at least a 500 calorie-a-day deficit (losing 1 pound of fat a week, nearly 4 stone in a year) without constantly suffering from gnawing hunger pangs. And hopefully somewhat more than that. I find 750 a day or so perfectly OK but people do vary.
- Don't get discouraged by "water weight"
Your body stores energy 2 ways: fat and glycogen. Glycogen is quick-release energy, and bonds lots of water. If you diet for a while, your body will be low on glycogen storage. If you then go on holiday and eat lots of chips or whatever, your weight might go up by several pounds in a week as your body snarfs this up and sticks it into your glycogen storage: people can easily hold 6 pounds or more of glycogen+water in their bodies ("water weight"). This is not fat and will go away as quickly as it came once you are back on a diet. This wrong-foots a lot of people ("all that effort, but as soon as I look at a decent meal, it all comes back on").
Anyway, good luck - I guess the main thing to bear in mind is that it is possible to lose weight without suffering - but there are traps like the kind of thing I've outlined above.