In my primary school we teach English and Maths daily, phonics daily (R-Yr 2) and in the afternoon we usually have a non core subject that needs marking. If we do spelling that's on top of the above and yes that's easy to mark.
There's no such thing as a tick and flick marking anymore so each piece of work has to be marked against the success criteria and often you have different coloured markers to make against the criteria and then you have a personalised comment and often a green pen question to move the learning on.
When marking you often realise what you hoped the children would get out of the lesson was either too hard or easy so you have to adapt the following days plans to ensure all are making progress or are addressing misconceptions before moving them on. Depending on your assessment schedule you often have to mark this off against the curriculum objectives. This also takes a bit of time, depending on how many lessons you teach that have to be logged down.
PPA is 10% of a timetable. That's almost 3hrs per week and the majority of time is spent planning for the following week. This isn't enough time so they you finish over the evening or the weekend and then you have to make the slides or PowerPoint etc. Preparing lessons and tweaking lessons takes some time. You might have the same topic, but the children are completely different and you have to adapt plans accordingly.
Making resources also takes a lot of time. Cutting and laminating often happens in front of the tv with a glass of wine.
Prep for the following week often includes sticking things in books. This takes time, particularly if you have 3 lots per child each day.
Photocopying usually happens early in the morning before someone else gets to it and you then have to wait ages until they hare finished.
Weekly meetings after school for CPD also take time. Usually an hour - 1.5hrs per week.
Some schools have a 30 min briefing daily which is a pain in the arse and take up valuable time you could actually be doing something in.
Emails after work take up a lot of time. Parents have our direct emails and we spend time after work replying to these and also to other professionals.
Subject leadership also takes time. Every teacher apart from the NQTs at my school lead a subject. They have learning walks, action plans, scrutiny etc to complete across the school. They usually have something to do towards their action plan each week that also takes some time.
Early years settings sometimes have special books in paper form. Photos and pieces of work are printed off and stuck in individual books. Observations also need to be written up daily.
That's just a few of the things primary teachers in my school do daily. The car park is usually full between 7:45 and 8:00 and I've never seen anyone leave earlier than 5 and lots of cars still parked at 6:00pm when we are kicked out.
Then there's the time spent teaching or doing playground or lunch duty which means you run around like a loon before your next lesson.
I'd love for someone to volunteer with my team for a week to see what it's really like before making judgements based on lack of experience or anecdotal stories.