If there are only 6 children in the room it sounds like a very, very small nursery, therefore I can understand how they may be struggling to provide so many different types of meals for children. I don't think it would be unreasonable of them to have you supply your own meals for if they are unable to accommodate his dietary requirements however of course this would mean you should be charged slightly less for each day of care, as you wouldn't be paying for consumables. FWIW my nursery has just upped its consumables charge, which they say essentially just covers the three meals a day, to £6 a day for those benefiting from the free hours of childcare. Those of us paying full whack pay £49 a day for the care. My DD is vegetarian but has no allergies and there are lots of other vegetarian children in her nursery. It is a very large nursery though with a large, designated kitchen and two chefs. Therefore much easier for them to accommodate lots of individual dietary needs than a tiny nursery with a tiny kitchen.
Re handover, our morning handover isn't really a handover. The only thing we will say is there's been any problems e.g. illness, got up extra early, up a lot in the night, didn't eat much/any breakfast, been very emotional/in a bad mood this morning. 90% of the time none of that applies so it's literally just a hi, she's been fine, she had her nappy changed 20 minutes ago, bye. I can't see why any more than that would be necessary the vast majority of the time.
At collection the nursery staff provide us with a rough guide of how much was eaten of all her three meals and what those meals were, how long she slept and at what time, when her nappies were changed and if they were wet or soiled. They will sometimes mention one or two activities she has done in the day especially if she has really enjoyed something but not always. I think that's more than enough information and if I want to know anything specific I just ask and they are happy to oblige.