I work for a large multinational, and there are all sorts of options. Some departments do 24/7 cover so have shift patterns. Ours does on-call and out-of-hours work, and you can usually claim TOIL or overtime for that (TOIL by default, but OT can be agreed in advance.) And then there are roles like reception which have to have physical cover from 7am-7pm, so I assume they have a rota to cover earlies and lates.
Added to that, a team may be spread across different locations and countries, and I don't care if someone in Amsterdam is in the office or WFH, as long as I can get hold of them by phone, instant messenger or email. There are times we have to do physical on-site work, but that's usually arranged in advance, so you know Pete is in the datacentre on Thursday, so unavailable for other work.
We have people who do part-time, one or two non-working days in a week. We have people who have formally changed their contracts to e.g. finish at 3pm every day, so they can do the afternoon school run, or to have their home office as their main work location. Some people do compressed hours, so 4 x 10 hour days rather than 5 x 8hour days. Some finish early to do the school run, but then do another couple of hours WFH in the evening - this can work quite well, if you do a lot of work with the US, especially west coast. Others will do a couple of hours calls with AsiaPac before doing the morning school run. Or they will take a long lunch for a hard gym session. And then the rest of us tend to come in at any time between about 07:30 and 10:00, and then leave earlier or later accordingly.
Not all patterns work for all departments or all people but geography means we have people working all over the place anyway, and a lot of meetings are by conference call or videoconferencing. There aren't enough desks for everyone to be in the office at the same time, which is demonstrated every time there are senior execs over from the US. Those of us who are in the office at least three days a week have our own desks; for everyone else, there's hotdesks.
We've previously had communicationsome from HR saying they'd rather people staggered start and end times, as it reduces traffic congestion. If I have to be in for a 9am meeting, my commute is likely to take an hour. Aiming for 10am, it's usually 25 minutes. I don't see the point of sitting in traffic if I don't have to. HR have also said, "work is an activity, not a location."
Of course some people take the piss, but then some people take the piss in the office. I usually work in the office - I like seeing people face-to-face, and too much WFH gets isolating and isn't good for my mental health (I live alone, so can literally not see anyone else.) But I really appreciate the flexibility of being able to fit in medical appointments or take the car in for a service or be in for a delivery, and I have also chosen to WFH when I've had a piece of work I really need to focus on without interruption. It really can work when it's well-managed.