Interesting reading all the different approaches. There is clearly no one 'right' way!
My first slept like a dream, we just fed her and put her in her cot. She napped in an old-fashioned pram from 3 months til nearly 1, usually outside, then started napping in a cot as our circumstances changed. We just put her down (awake) and left the room. She would chat for a bit and then go to sleep herself.
My second has just turned one. For night time we fed him to sleep (bottle) and put him down veeeery gently. If he stirred I patted his bottom and stayed next to him making soothing noises til he settled, then crept out the room. He was in our room til he turned one. He did often wake in the night and join us in bed (pretty much every night). We have just moved him into a cot in his own room and I was worried this would take some serious commitment and difficult nights... we planned to sleep in there with him if necessary so that if he woke, he would stay in his room and at least get used to being in there. But he adjusted straight away, and never wakes during the night now! I feed him in the dark in his room, he is still awake when he finishes, I stand up with him for about 1 minute, then put him in his cot. He usually settles right in, occasionally he sits up but I still leave. The most he has cried is about 30 seconds. Wish we had moved him months ago!!!
For naps he goes in a pushchair and is pushed to sleep, in front of a fan (we live in a hot country). He still naps twice a day so averages 16 hours sleep a day. We have tried moving him to one nap but he really struggled, unlike DC1 who switched to 1 nap as soon as we tried (we had friends visiting and decided to aim for all babies on the same schedule, so we just went for it).
Clearly no one approach is right for everyone, otherwise there wouldn't be nearly so many tired parents around! I was very conscious how lucky I was that my first slept so well, and so independently, but my husband struggled with the second being a 'bad sleeper'... which I thought was ridiculous, as he napped reliably and although he did wake in the night he usually (not always) settled straight back down if we put him in bed with us. I thought that was really good compared with many babies, but compared with our first he was, apparently, 'terrible'!