My 12 year old gets pocket money for doing jobs. Like cleaning the bathroom etc. Stuff above what I would expect.
My five year old helps me but I don't give him money. Didn't with the oldest until a year ago. Though I would get him a treat occasionally.
Both can be a bit lazy and ask me for help when then can do stuff themseleves.
I promote independence by letting them do stuff I think they can do and encouraging them to try doing stuff they can't.
If the kids ask for help, I usually watch them and encourage them to figure it out themselves first. Ask them 'what do you think you should do' and then help if they can't figure it out.
I am an early riser, naturally, so get all the cereals out etc on school mornings. Get them up and then they help themselves.
My Dd (the older) is short and can't reach her wardrobe rail (fitted wardrobes) so still get her uniform out 
With Dd the main thing at the moment is trying to get her to organise her friends. She had a sleep over and wanted me to call the parents. I thought at her age she should be able to organise it, so I assisted her making invitations with my number on so parents could confirm. And got her to arrange meeting her friends at school so I could collect their stuff and take it home with me.
She recently arranged a cinema trip, looked up bus schedules, cinema times and arrangements with her friends. So she is improving.
I don't think there is one answer to this. All kids are different.
But I do agree with you. Mum encouraged me to be independent, but did everything for my brother. It's negatively impacted him. He was still going home for his dinner until he was 35 and had never done his own washing until then either. He struggles to think for himself a lot and needs a lot of support now.