Our family of 4 visited London last summer. Dh attended a conference and myself and 2 DDs tagged along. Myself and the DDs headed to HP and really enjoyed it. DH was delighted we enjoyed it and enjoyed chatting to DDs afterwards about their experience there, and he would not have dreamed of sulking because he was stuck in conference while we made the trip, even though he has watched all the movies with the DC and would have really enjoyed the experience too.
Myself and DDs also head off on sun holidays without DH. Sun holidays are not his thing, but again, he is happy that DDs and I have a lovely time.
I'd play the 'so are you really saying that the children can't have this experience because you can't????' card... And asking him to consider a more family friendly job if he wants to be involved in all your activities.
(And I'd have serious words about sulking about missing weekend activities. I'd just let him sulk).
Also, if you take out travel insurance, would you be covered if DH has passport problems? If so, I'd just book, and go without him if needs be.
But since he has passport already and only needs renewal, can he not just renew by post? We were able to do this in America as Irish citizens... (through Irish Consulate). While I know that is not possible for American citizens in Europe, I would have thought that it is possible for other EU countries within EU.
Anyway, yeah, I think he IBU, and a big baby too. And he is putting his 'wants' before that of his DC. In such circumstances, most adults will put the children first and take back seat if needed to give the DC good experiences.