Moomin, I'm not some hippy with the attitude that we should hug it out and all be well. Up until they are adults I'm what has often been called on mn a 'mean mummy'. I just realise as older teens I can't infantilise them anymore.
I have been instilling in my kids that they need to text me an keep in contact since they were young teens, I would presume most people nowadays do this. I've also been using FindMyIphone/Blackberry Finder type apps since they came out to keep a track on the younger ones.
My DC are in the habit of texting me to let me know, so its very rare if it doesn't happen. Part of our arrangement is that I want to hear if they're in for tea or staying out past midnight, if I don't hear, I assume they won't be there for tea or that its acceptable for me to go to bed and put the chain on the door at midnight.
They know this, so they know if they haven't told me to leave it off, the chain will be on, and they can't get in, so they make arrangements to stay at a friends or I think one time one of them slept in their car. I think realistically if they had nowhere to go they would wake me up and I'd let them in, but they'd then have lots of making up to do.
So generally if they don't let me know, the punishment of no dinner cooked for them or not being able to get indoors happens naturally, I don't need to impose other sanctions. I will normally discuss it with them and remind them how disrespectful it is not to contact me but this really happens so rarely its not an issue. I suppose my response to any bad behaviour at that age could be described as a thorough bollocking, which seems to shame them into doing better.