I moved from Ireland to Glasgow to study at uni and totally loved it, it really felt like home very quickly. I am ancient though, so this was twenty years ago. I eventually settled in Edinburgh because of work. Definitely would not live in Edinburgh and commute to Glasgow, a quick google tells me an annual train ticket is £3512, that is money that would be better in your pocket!
These are my own observations over the last few years, they are of course massive generalisations, and there are many exceptions. For context I was 26 when I moved to Edinburgh, was single and still wanting to party!
I'm not a big clothes shopping fan but even I can see that Glasgow has a much wider choice of shops, unless Harvey Nicks is your thing. . . although Edinburgh has lovely foodie type shops.
I find Glasgow a more 'in your face' city, in a nice way. It feels urban, alive, young, open to change. I continue to find Edinburgh quite staid and conservative, at times.
Glasgow somehow feels a lot larger than Edinburgh, although coming from London I am sure they will both feel a lot smaller. Not necessarily a bad thing. Glasgow is very easy to get around with the 'clockwork orange', the locals name for the underground. Edinburgh has been in hiatus for what feels like years because of the tram works, but I think the worst is over.
Housing is generally cheaper in Glasgow, it can be ridiculously expensive to buy a family home in Edinburgh. Though maybe not by London standards.
The commonwealth games are coming to Glasgow next year which has triggered substantial investment in sporting facilities, new velodrome for example.
If you enjoy going to see bands/gigs that tour larger venues they are more likely to play Glasgow, as there is nothing equivalent to the SECC in Edinburgh. If you enjoy rugby, Murrayfield in Edinburgh is where the international matches are played.
I don't think there is an equivalent to the west end of Glasgow in Edinburgh, although I am prepared to be corrected.
In terms of sectarianism, I did come across more of it in glasgow than Edinburgh, but having said that, it was still minimal in the context of my every day life, and would not consider it, if I was choosing where to live.
Glasgow has a reputation for being friendlier than Edinburgh but there are friendly people everywhere.
btw, I love living in Edinburgh now and would not move to Glasgow, but in my twenties I could not imagine living anywhere else. Edinburgh suits my lifestyle now.
Sorry this has turned into an essay, I have been having a bit of a trip down memory lane. Feel like hitting the m8 now and going for a trip to Glasgow.