MrsDavidCaruso you're absolutely right. 'Harvesting' is a terrible term. I may sound a little pedantic, but the process of removing donor organs is referred to a 'retrieval' precisely because of this reason. I've been involved with the care of many organ donors so hope some of this helps:
Anaesthesia and analgesia are used in the operation
Most solid (eg heart, lungs, kidneys etc) organ donors are brain stem dead. This is most often due to a sudden, catastrophic brain injury most often caused by a brain haemorrhage or trauma. Two senior doctors have to confirm brain stem death, neither of which is a member of a transplant team. These tests are very involved and are used nationally.
In the UK, a private patient cannot 'jump' the list: the organ will go to the person in most need who matches the organ
A person suffering liver failure as the result of alcoholism will not be considered for transplantation unless they have been abstinent from alcohol for 2 years or more.
Every effort is made to save the life of the patient: it is only when it becomes obvious that no more can be done, that certain patients will be considered as potential organ donors.
Organ donors are treated with the ultimate dignity and respect at all times. Following retrieval, family and friends are able to spend time with the person in order to say goodbye. It is impossible to tell that the person has been operated on as they will have been washed and dressed, either in a hospital gown or in their own clothes; whatever the family / next of kin wants.
At present, the 'opt out' system for organ donation is not being brought in to use in the UK. There is a relatively new system of Specialist Nurses in Organ Donation being based in hospitals throughout England in order to promote organ donation and improve strategies for increasing donation rates.
Organ donation is the gift of life. The most important thing you can do is to make your family aware of your wishes. A lot of families get a huge amount of comfort knowing that even though something so tragic has happened to them, another life / lives have been saved. A single multiple organ and tissue donor (heart, lungs, liver, pancreas, kidneys, small bowel, corneas, bone, skin, trachea) has the ability to save and enhance many lives both directly and indirectly. The NHSBT website is excellent. Sorry! Hope this isn't too long and rambly! 