Re PhD funding, my pet peeve is the number of studentships in my field that are allocated by centralised interview. Typically, it involves many staff members each spending lots of time developing a proposal with an individual student, all applications being ranked by a small group of people in the dept who are unlikely to be specialists in the project area, (sometimes conducting a second round of ranking at faculty or DTC level), then top candidates being interviewed by this same group of non-specialists.
This process results in PhD students who are confident and glib; able to convince non-specialists that they know what they're talking about. These qualities do not necessarily equate to a good researcher, however, and such students have tended to produce ok but not stellar dissertations (and a few have quit). Meanwhile the thoughtful, introverted type of student with spectacular analysis and writing skills won't get a look-in.
It also favours projects and sub-disciplines that have a user-friendly "hook" that non-specialists can understand and appreciate. Such research is beloved of universities for being headline-friendly but not all research in a dept is like that (nor should it be). Meanwhile, highly theoretical projects, and those that are pure basic research on specialist but fundamental topics, don't get a look-in.
And of course, this process is an enormous waste of time for 90% of the staff and students who work on research proposals but don't get funded. Worse, it means the same supervisors tend to repeatedly get students from the scheme due to the accessible topic of their research, while others never get students. And of course not all staff members can nab an interested student with whom to develop a proposal, particularly if they don't teach at Master's level, or are ECRs not yet at the stage of being emailed by random students looking for PhD positions.
It's not sour grapes, either, btw - I've had a student win a studentship via this process, and I've been one of the non-specialists on the interview panel so I know how hard a job it can be. But I believe the process itself is wrong. Far better to target staff members strategically (e.g., ECR who's never had a PhD student, anyone returning from leave with no PhD students, etc.) and select one per studentship to be funded this year. These staff members could then be supported developing a strong project that will definitely get funded, then let that staff member interview multiple candidates for that project.
End of rant 😡. My dept is very change-averse so I can't see it changing anytime soon, but I can dream! 