Issues as I see it - for clarity I work for the NHS in a community trust - not acute.
Recruitment - lack of appointable staff (covid has had an impact on this - I trained during the pandemic and our course drop out rate was much higher than normal years because online learning was so shit) and the fact that NHS HR has two speeds when there IS an appointable person - slow and glacially slow.
Too many managers - we're told constantly there's no money, recruitment has been slashed down and everything has to be justified at multiple levels before a post even goes out to advert - but they can find cash for multiple new very well paid management posts. It's bollocks and it's not improved patient care at all.
Closing the walk-in centres - happened a lot around here, just offloaded everything onto A+E. Upping the capacity at our urgent care centre or opening that overnight would reduce things as well - they have things like access to X-rays and A+E do signpost people there during the opening hours.
Social care is fucked - we have people in hospital due to placement breakdowns or placements not being available, and we have people who become unwell because of medical needs and care plans not being followed - social care is at the bottom of this house of cards and needs shoring up and staff ups killing and up-statusing before the whole thing falls completely.
Morale - people say it's toxic to work in. I don't get that with my colleagues - I love who I work with - both colleagues and client group (which is why I'm determined to stay put) - but morale in general is absolutely battered and endless funding issues really don't help that. I'm lucky that I have incredible management at most levels who appreciate good staff and will try to hang onto them and develop them - but even then, there's minimal money for training so you have to push and consider leaving to get developed further as a professional.
Access to GPs - also things like district nursing and GP home visits - I know of many many incidents where, as the GP wouldn't do a home visit or offer an appointment - my clients have ended up needing to be taken to A+E and they really didn't need to be there. Likewise district nursing - more resources into community healthcare would take so much of the burden off A+Es - but it needs joined up thinking across multiple providers and that's not going to happen.
And last - shitty NHS IT. We still have different trusts on different IT systems which can't talk to each other and that means people (cough me) spend bloody hours having to phone up GP surgeries for information that should be checkable at the click of a mouse button. And then the GP surgery needs to provide this information which takes admin time that could be used manning the phones or whatever. And that's when the IT works - we had a week the other week where we couldn't send emails to a different form of NHS email address - so everything was having to go to phonecalls and chaos ensued. Working printers would also reduce a hell of a lot of staff time spent trying to printer-whisper things into cooperation (my client group often can't access digital resources) and functioning wifi at times would help. When I last spent time shadowing my acute counterparts, they were still writing in paper MDT notes, then going and waiting for a free computer to type up the same notes digitally and the waste of time doing things twice was fucking nuts!
Winter is going to winter. The issue is that for about the last decade - it's become so normalised to see queues of ambulances waiting to offload and horror stories about A+E waits and journalists hanging around to report on the horror - that we've lost sight of the fact that we should have an NHS funded and staffed based on the WORST, rather than one that is funded and staffed to just about cover the BEST days in the summer where things are (and I know never to utter this word in NHS terms - it's like the Healthcare equivalent of saying Macbeth in a theatre)... "quiet"
We've been running at 50% capacity in my area for most of the last year. We've managed just about to keep to our waiting time targets (which is 8 weeks to be allocated and contacted with an initial appointment) - but the only way we've done this is to absolutely ignore every other element of our role (we do lots of care team training and the like which invests in future proofing our service users) and by the remaining staff putting in massive amounts of unpaid overtime. People burn out when treated like that as the norm - and if management respond by saying "oh you don't need that post filled as you're managing" they stop giving a shit at work - thankfully our management haven't done that - it's just finding an appointable candidate that's been the issue.