I suppose the answer will be that some can and some can't.
My 11 yr old is absolutely incapable of understanding a problem like this on a conceptual level. I worry about her. But her teachers tell me she's doing okay in math.
"Is it 22 minus 10?"
"Is it a divide by?"
"Should I plus them all?"
Her number knowledge is really good. She knows all her tables and her basic facts. But she just can't seem to apply what she knows.
She's not traumatised by this by the way - we're not in tears at the kitchen table!! She's quite happy, just seemingly unable to grasp this or similar problems conceptually. Normal? Or not great at her age?