@RJnomore1 Don't expect to like him, but I do! 
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'@Crazymemo Voting Er probably a very controversial view, but I'm not sure I would vote. I understand the privilege in being able to vote, but unless there was a vote on Brexit or Scottish Independence I probably wouldn't take it. I try not to involve myself too heavily in Politics, I've not heard anybody in real life say it actually makes them happy.
Childhood moments I think one of my favourite childhood memories was going to Australia to visit my grandparents, and sitting outside watching the pool when a thunderstorm was going on. Another was when I met my husband and we went to a castle (though it's not clear if that counts as a childhood memory haha!). I wish I had more, but I can only hope to give more to my future kids.
Closeness to parents I think effort would have made me closer to my parents, truthfully. There was a custody battle over my sisters during my father's divorce, and I think to a certain extent having a new child on the way may have helped them seem responsible - I'll definitely have to NC after this haha! But after a certain point it consumed too much energy to make an effort with me, as I wasn't a baby (and cute) anymore. That's just my theory though, but I do think putting in as much of your effort as you humanly can to make your kids happy helps them and it helps you.
"Teenager communication* I think saying "I know you think you are practically an adult but your brain isn't mature..." maybe isn't the best way to get a young person to listen to you . I think if you can truly sit them down and actively listen to everything they have to say, and then tell them what you want them to do / not do in a constructive way that doesn't demean their decision making skills, you have a better shot at them listening.
I also think compromise plays a part - as much as there is an element in a lot of people's parenting of; "I am the parent, you are the child so do what I say" this doesn't really work past childhood in my experience - because as much as you perceive teenagers as children, they perceive themselves as adults and so if you treat them like children, in their eyes it negates your credibility. So I think having more open discussions and listening to why a teenager has chosen to do X (or chosen not to) and once in a while letting yourself be swayed - providing it's not an extreme thing, then I think you demonstrate you're treating your teen like a person and not a small child.
I guess for the TLDR; if you want respect and honesty, treat your child like a coworker. You don't have to agree with what they say or think, but you respect them in your own right, and you both need to work together to come to a happy conclusion.
If you want fear / a reduction in closeness, treat them like a subordinate. I've not met every teen in the world, but I've never met a happy or well-adjusted one who had overbearing or very strict parents.
If you can have open communication and a trusting relationship where you as a parent make it clear your child can talk to you about anything without an extreme reaction, then they will tell you (and occasionally even ask you!) about what's going on in their lives.
Obviously all of this is just my opinion though and will probably be unpopular haha!