What's the difference between a condo and an apartment?
As others have said, condos are owned and apartments rented. The building the condos are in is owned collectively, with a small (or large) monthly fee paid to take care of common spaces. In fancier condo buildings, the condo association can decide if someone can buy into the building; these can be really cut-throat in upscale neighborhoods in Manhattan, etc.
Do you have semi detached houses in America? Terraced? I ask because I think they must be called something else there.
They do, but mostly in urban areas. They're called townhouses if there are many in a row or (often) duplexes if they're semi-detached. Land is much cheaper here, outside of cities, and in poor rural areas it's very common to have an acre of land with a single mobile home on it. Townhouses can be fancy but duplexes more rarely are (which is ironic in the British imagination).
What's the equivalent of our going to Spain & similar on package holidays where you are? What type of holidays do ordinary families have?
Going to Spain? Probably Florida, or somewhere in the Gulf/Caribbean. A lot of ordinary families either do that or go to rural spaces--the big national parks like Yellowstone or to the shore. Going to the mountains or the shore (Outer Banks in NC or Jersey Shore in NJ or anything similar) is very common. Lots of ordinary families also go to big cities, like NYC or Philadelphia or DC. There are also other, more national (rather than international) amusement parks, for families who like that sort of thing.
You don't get all-inclusive in the US with the exception of a very few places (again in Florida mostly). For that sort of thing it's usually a short-haul to coastal Mexico or the Caribbean.
What about things considered traditionally British? Do other countries do Sunday dinner? On Sunday's or different days?
Nope, not en masse. It's fairly common to go out to breakfast after church on Sundays. Various communities might have special mealslike a shabbat dinner on Friday nightbut nothing like a Sunday dinner. The exception is Thanksgiving, which feels very much like a British Sunday dinner on crack.
It is perfectly common to have brunch on Saturday or Sunday, more so than in Britain.
What about gap years? Again American shows seem to have youngsters going straight to uni from high school if they're going to go.
Gap years far less common than in the UK. Most go straight to university. There isn't something like an A-level (just a general high school diploma), and a BA is usually four-years long. The degrees are general rather than specific. Over four years most students take around 36 classes, only about a third of which have to be in their major. (There are exceptions for some of the STEM degrees.)
Law and medicine are both post-grad rather than undergrad degrees. Some schools allow you to do pre-law/pre-med, but it's no guarantee that you'll get into law school/medical school.
Also there's a lot of talk of saving for kids to go to uni but I'm guessing there's support for students from poorer backgrounds? How does that work?
Not a ton, and it's a huge political issue right now. In-state tuition can be cheap, and kids can start at a community college (kind of like a sixth-form college, I guess, but later) and then transfer to a 4-year for the final two years. The average student graduates with about $30k in debt.
Poorer students can get Pell grants, which are federal, but they don't cover everything. Military families are helped by the military.
The ironic thing is that the fanciest schools with the highest price tags give the most financial aid. So, for example, Yale's estimated cost of attendance (tuition, room, board, books, etc.) is $75k a year. But if a family makes $50k a year and rents their house, their contribution is only supposed to be $1600/year, with the rest covered by scholarship and a small work-study.
What are bank holidays like where you live? What do people do for them? Are they called public holidays or something else?
They're usually called federal holidays. Chronologically:
New Year's Day
Martin Luther King, Jr. Birthday
Washington's Birthday (Presidents Day)
Memorial Day
Independence Day (4th of July)
Labor Day
Columbus Day
Veterans Day
Thanksgiving Day
Christmas Day
A lot of places don't take off for MLK, Presidents Day, Columbus Day, or Veterans Day. Almost all (other than retail/services) give off for New Years, Memorial, 4th of July, Labor Day, Thanksgiving, and Christmas.
Drink driving seems to be very socially acceptable in the states, is that accurate?
Absolutely not. It's just that we need cars more, as we're far more rural. I suppose in very rural places it's shrugged over a bit, but DUIs here can give you a prison sentence and/or big fine and/or revocation of your license.
There is, though, far more casual use of cars. Very few people get formal driving lessons, at least outside of drivers ed in 10th grade. You learn to drive from your parents or your older siblings. In many states, people don't have the kind of check-ups that MOTs require. And people drive everywhere.
Is "soccer mom" slang for sahm?
Nope. It's short for largely middle-class, suburban moms. They tend to be swing voters in elections and the big buyers in households making c. 85k-400k, so they're a coveted demographic. A lot of them are SAHM, but a lot of them aren't.
Soccer here is a preppy sport, not a working class sport, at least in a lot of communities. Working class sports tend to be basketball and (depending where you are) football. Soccer is less preppy than lacrosse but more preppy than any of the four main professional sports.
I got the impression going to summer camp was a thing a lot of American kids did, but then a friend said she'd been a camp counsellor years ago (not American) and that they're quite expensive so it's better off families that do this?
The fanciest sleep away camps are certainly for better-off families. Again, particularly from urban/suburban spaces. So you get people from NYC sending their kids to Maine or Vermont, often to a camp named after an ersatz indigenous term.
But there's also pretty cheap summer camp. You can get day camp, which can be even free. And then you get camps run by people like the YMCA or Scouts or community groups that are very cheap. So, you can get a seven-day residential camp for about $300 (which is £230) through the YMCA, which isn't a huge amount.
What's childcare like where you are? Again seems to be that in America and also Canada that pretty much anyone can set up a daycare business or be a Daytime "babysitter" (what we'd call a childminder)? Is it not well regulated?
Daycare is regulated. Childcare is supposed to be. But illegal child minders are very common.
Do American families really tend toward having cooked breakfasts of some description? There seems to be a lot of making pancakes, waffles, eggs & bacon in tv shows (makes me hungry!)
On weekends, maybe! Weekdays are usually cereal and running out the door. Maybe a frozen waffle in the toaster.