SQL itself is fairly simple to use - my business (which builds process based websites) sues it daily - however pretty much the only bits we use are:
SELECT command (pulls data out of a database table)
INSERT command (puts data into a database table)
DELETE command (deletes one or more records in a database table)
UPDATE command (updates one or more records in a database table
in addition, within the command there is the use of JOIN to link tables, so if you have one table of staff in a business, and one table of their telephone numbers - to get an output of both combined, you have to JOIN the table (JOIN / LEFT JOIN / RIGHT JOIN / etc.)
To be honest, that is pretty much all we ever use... and we build hugely complex systems based on that...
So, I would say it is far more important to learn and understand good database design (again, also relatively simple) - things like how you split data (1:1 / 1:M / M:M / etc.)
A database table is basically just like an Excel spreadsheet, but good design will make quite a bit of difference - esp. to the speed of a website / system using the database...
There are two primary forms of SQL in use - MSSQL from microsoft (tends to be more corporate systems) / MySQL (also MariaDB / etc.) which is open source and tends to be used more in websites and powers quite a lot of the world's online systems... commands are similar but different...
need for qualifications will totally depend on the work you do - in my business, I have no interest in my staff having specific qualifications - instead I want to understand how they problem solve / how they work / how they think / etc. - and for us, a core understanding of how our clients' businesses work is in fact far more important...
If you can give a bit more info about what you are thinking about, we might be able to help a little bit more...