User in my case I had a difficult childhood, my mum was very unstable (personally I think she may have BPD herself although I'm not qualified to diagnose) and my dad left her when I was very young, I also had two elder brothers who would tease me and leave me out. So a lot of rejection very early on and I just blamed myself for all of it, and hated myself at a very deep level really. I was always seeking love and approval from others but experiencing nothing but rejection - they reflected my own self loathing back to me.
So what I think causes BPD is negative life events happening early in life, and the individual blaming themselves for these, thinking they must be a horrible person for these bad things to happen to them. One of my earliest memories is of thinking that - that i must be a horrible, worthless person. I was about 4. I carried this belief into my 30s. I personally think self-hatred is the cornerstone of this PD and I wonder if this lies between the lack of identity.. not so much a lack of identity so much as a rejection of one's own identity/self maybe?
Not sure what part genetics plays but there is a family history of mental illness, with a few suicides on one side of the family (this is called the 'family curse'). I was definitely very suicidal for most of my life, not all the time but at intervals, and attempted it twice in my youth.
As for therapy, I had CAT (cognitive analytical therapy) which was brilliant and I urge anyone reading this who is interested in treatment to check it out. It can be accessed on the NHS but only by the worst cases according to my therapist who is very busy with private work. It is time limited to 16-24 sessions (I had more out of choice) and at apx £40 a time that's an investment of, what £600-£800 to change/save your life.
onetimeposter in some ways I was very typical of BPD patients. I certainly met a number of the diagnostic criteria at my peak. What maybe sets me apart was that I was always seeking 'the way out', I knew there was something wrong I just didn't have a name for it. So it was a relief to be diagnosed. I didn't identify as having BPD until I was diagnosed, and I was relieved to be diagnosed as it gave me hope. I was also lucky enough to have a very, very good therapist who I trusted and she guided me out basically. As a good therapist should.
It's sad that you say a lot of BPD patients drop out of therapy. I'm sure there must be some who stay with it and get better too.