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Feminism: Sex and gender discussions

The Brontes have been 'queered'

237 replies

biddyboo · 20/06/2024 07:44

For Pride month, the Bronte Parsonage museum has posted a number of Facebook posts exploring the Brontes and 'gender identity'

https://www.facebook.com/share/p/eGENRmGQPkz7omY5/

The posts talk about the Brontes using 'androgynous' pseudonyms, rather than the male pseudonyms they were necessitated to use due to the sexism of the times they lived in 😕

It hasn't gone down well. Comments were disabled, and the museum posted about commitment to equality and diversity and not tolerating bullying and hatred (I haven't seen evidence of this, just a lot of people outraged about history being rewritten to suit a narrative).

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https://www.facebook.com/share/p/eGENRmGQPkz7omY5

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Grammarnut · 20/06/2024 19:16

Mirabai · 20/06/2024 18:25

And who came up with this convention? Men. Men who chose to exclude women from public life and banish them to the domestic sphere, while in the theatre cast boys as women whom they also engaged with sexually in real life. (I mean exploited of course).

Underlying much of men’s endeavours - whether military or sport or art for example - is a not particularly latent homoeroticism.

Within homosexuality there has always been a stream of men who like to dress as women and experience their attraction to men in female garb. Which is distinct from the autogynephilic cross-dressing of straight men.

It seems strange to me to insist there’s no ambiguity of gender (or sexuality) in a boy playing a woman acting in love with a man playing man; or as in Shakespeare - a boy playing a woman dressed as a man acting in love with a man.

Different times. But I would agree with you. I pointed out that the boys were also prostituted. That dressing as women is a gay trope is also true. But for the audience watching the play - and suspending disbelief which must be done to watch any performance - the female roles were female. They all probably knew the boys were prostituted and certainly knew some men enjoyed dressing up in women's clothes. Generally they let everyone get on with it, as long as the Queens' peace was kept.
The convention probably stems from the Church in England. The Renaissance (as opposed to the Middle Ages) was a time when misogyny grew and women's rights (I speak only of England) diminished e.g. Blanche Beauchamp could inherit her father's earldom (Warwick) in the fifteenth century (and bestow it in marriage on her husband - Richard Neville, the Kingmaker, since you ask - but the property was hers) but Anne Stanley could not inherit the earldom of Derby on her father's death in 1594 (though she did inherit his right to the throne, two/three Queens Regnant having solidified the principle that the throne could pass through women as well as men).

Mirabai · 20/06/2024 19:11

MrsDanversGlidesAgain · 20/06/2024 18:40

I’m as terf as they come but imo S uses the construct of “disguise” to explore
gender and sexuality. His own sexuality was famously fluid

Was it? I thought that we don't have enough information about Shakespeare (starting with how he spelled his name) to make statements as definitive as that.

Edited

You can replace famously with allegedly if you like. But I don’t think many question was bi? The sonnets addressed to a man - “fair youth”; the sheer volume of homosexual puns and bawdy; the male characters in close relationships with “fair youths” who are women disguised as boys.

Going by the text, I think Iago is in love with Othello not Desdemona, and jealous of her not O. He shows very little interest in D & has few scenes with her. The whole hankerchief plot is to get Othello’s attention and keep hold of him. The play has the most homosexual innuendo and references of all the plays that I have noted.

Grammarnut · 20/06/2024 18:57

MissScarletInTheBallroom · 20/06/2024 12:55

This.

The film "Shakespeare in Love" took this one step further, with Gwyneth Paltrow binding her breasts to disguise herself as a boy so she could play Romeo, whilst an actual boy played Juliet.

Of course this would not have been necessary if women had been allowed to act on stage, or if women had been allowed to identify as men to be able to act on stage and then play female characters.

Having a man on stage playing a female character always adds a comedic element whether you want it to or not. That's fine when you have a man playing a character such as the Nurse or Mistress Quickly or even one of the three witches, but must have been a bit of a shame for Shakespeare to have written something beautiful and then be forced to have a male actor playing 14 year old Juliet, or Miranda, or Lady Macbeth.

In the plays where female characters dress as male characters, the plot absolutely relies on everyone understanding what sex the character really is, even if the actor playing that character at the time the play was written had to be male.

The boy actors were extensively trained to both speak and walk like women, and act as women (stereotypes, I know!). Though the audience knew that boys and young men played the female parts yet they accepted that the role was female. It is difficult for us to understand that since women (in England) could not go on stage the use of boy actors was totally without innuendo. The Nurse is comic because she is a comic part. The Duchess of Gloucester, berating her husband, as she does penance for treason against Henry VI, is not comic and never was - but was nevertheless played by a boy and not a woman.

BreatheAndFocus · 20/06/2024 18:41

So silly and pointless 🙄 And no, their “gender” wasn’t “hotly disputed”. It was their sex, and their sex was the reason they faced sexism.

MrsDanversGlidesAgain · 20/06/2024 18:40

I’m as terf as they come but imo S uses the construct of “disguise” to explore
gender and sexuality. His own sexuality was famously fluid

Was it? I thought that we don't have enough information about Shakespeare (starting with how he spelled his name) to make statements as definitive as that.

FlirtsWithRhinos · 20/06/2024 18:37

AthenaBasil · 20/06/2024 09:32

They always muddle sex and gender when it suits them and then jump on critics to correct them on the usage.

I think it's more that they treat sex and gender as exactly the same thing except in the very specific scenario of a person wanting to adopt a cross sex identity.

Basically, the rules change to let special people slip through the door but bang shut again before we can ask obvious questions like "if some women are going to be male, shouldn't we re-look at all the Women's stuff that was based on the assumption all women are female in case we need to tweak it to fit a mixed sex group? And shouldn't we check whether some of this Women's stuff is actually just female stuff and should remain so?"

Chersfrozenface · 20/06/2024 18:37

Boy actors in the 16th and 17th centuries often graduated to acting male roles once too old to play women.

Joseph Taylor, for instance, started as a child actor in the first decade of the 17th century. Once older he remained in the acting profession and developed into an important leading man, replacing Richard Burbage in the King's Men company. He played Hamlet, Othello, and all the major Shakespearean roles.

SwishMyCape · 20/06/2024 18:32

I thought the whole point of this incoherent dribble is that you CAN'T tell other people what they are you can only say what YOU are?

Presumably this courtesy is not extended to dead women, because just like alive women, their purpose is to serve the cause. It's the only consistent feature of this entire clown car is that women exist to serve.

Mirabai · 20/06/2024 18:25

Grammarnut · 20/06/2024 13:41

I do hope you don't teach either history or Shakespeare. In sixteenth-century England (not mainland Europe) the convention existed that women did not act in plays (stems from mystery plays perhaps, again an English convention, for it is probable that Hildergard of Bingen's morality play 'Circle of Virtyue' was performed by women - + one man who was likely the chaplain and played the Devil). Boys played women's parts. There were companies of boy actors, the most famous being those of St Paul's School. They were trained to act like women as well as dress as women (and there was traffic in them as rent boys dressed as women, part of the brothel and prostitution side of theatre) and played the women's parts. There is no gender-bending, they are playing women because women are not allowed to play themselves - 'cross-dressing' made it easier to carry off the part if the boy who was pretending to be a woman played a part in which the 'woman' pretended to be a man. No trans characters at all.
I wonder, do you also not realise that all WS's plays were performed in modern dress? Togas on top for the Roman ones, I think.
I've read 'Orlando' (and seen a film of it) and it is a fantasy, involving transmutation of matter AFAICS. The story takes place over several hundred years and has nothing to do with saying a man can be a woman. It's a magical fantasy written by a woman who wished heartily that women were allowed the same ability to meld into the world that men have. Woolf does not think that Orlando is a woman.

Edited

And who came up with this convention? Men. Men who chose to exclude women from public life and banish them to the domestic sphere, while in the theatre cast boys as women whom they also engaged with sexually in real life. (I mean exploited of course).

Underlying much of men’s endeavours - whether military or sport or art for example - is a not particularly latent homoeroticism.

Within homosexuality there has always been a stream of men who like to dress as women and experience their attraction to men in female garb. Which is distinct from the autogynephilic cross-dressing of straight men.

It seems strange to me to insist there’s no ambiguity of gender (or sexuality) in a boy playing a woman acting in love with a man playing man; or as in Shakespeare - a boy playing a woman dressed as a man acting in love with a man.

BlackCountryWench2 · 20/06/2024 18:05

Whatever next? Hadrian’s Wall is queer or something?

Oh.

Mirabai · 20/06/2024 18:01

MrsWhattery · 20/06/2024 12:38

I rarely agree with you @Blossomtoesbut Shakespeare is definitely the king of gender fluidity.

Hmm I'd say he's more the king of male and female disguises, and storylines that absolutely depend on us knowing the actual sex of the disguised character to make any sense. (With an added layer of jokery based on the fact that the actor may not have been the same sex as the character, still dependent on us understanding people's sexes and the sex binary)

Viola in 12th night, Rosalind in As you like it are classic examples. They are in disguise. They TALK about the fact that they are in disguise and their reality as a female person under the disguise. They do not change sex or even "gender" nor are they questioning their "gender identity". The only fluidity involved is in their costumes, and the resulting perceptions of them by others. At the end, all is revealed and each female, formerly disguised character is still female and furthermore follows a fully straight, and feminine-gendered, path, getting married to an alpha male. No one is confused about their own sex or "gender identity".

I’m as terf as they come but imo S uses the construct of “disguise” to explore
gender and sexuality. His own sexuality was famously fluid.

I think everyone is confused about everything in his plays: who they are, who they’re in love with, their sexuality, and the gender of the person they’re in love with. Women fall in love with women dressed as men, women dressed as men fall in love with men, and men have bromances with women dressed as men. Viola and Rosalind are not confused as to their gender but they enjoy exploring their male personas and confusing their lovers.

mirax · 20/06/2024 17:56

Beowulfa · 20/06/2024 16:07

For a moment I thought there might actually be a Bakewell Pudding Museum, but alas it seems not.

Derailment : In Singapore my niece went to a Learnwell nursery and there was a Get Well Clinic nearby. Alas no Bakewell pudding nor Sleepwell mattress shops. It would have been so fun if the neighbourhood was full of these silly names.

Words · 20/06/2024 17:53

Exactly @Startingagainandagain

Startingagainandagain · 20/06/2024 17:40

They did publish under different names but that had nothing whatsoever to do with exploring gender identity...

It was simply because as women they would not have been taken seriously as writers by publishers or the general public at the time.

It is awful to try to rewrite history like this and it betrays the memories of these writers.

Not to mention that there are many examples of celebrated female writers who were gay or bisexual and they should be the ones highlighted when discussing the topic of gender, creativity and sexuality.

Words · 20/06/2024 17:33

You see, it's the anachronistic approach we see all the time now. It totally infuriates me.

Imposing today's obsessions on the past demeans- totally demeans- and distorts-their achievements.

Yes they took androgynous noms de plume, but as anyone knows who has the slightest interest knows that was a way to circumvent the sexism of the time. Their themes were not 'womanly' and they knew it, so stood little chance of publication if submitted in their real names.

But they stood by their art. They were trail blazers, all of them, in different ways.

To suggest otherwise, or even infer it, is utterly ludicrous. Totally ashamed of the Brontë society.

But as another poster perceptively observed, maybe they have boxes to tick on grant applications.

It does everyone a disservice. The authors more than anyone. I can only imagine Charlotte's wry and ascerbic comments on this lunacy.

SerafinasGoose · 20/06/2024 17:12

Zeugma · 20/06/2024 16:59

We the audience are complicit in this cruel bullying, and we should own this, make a stand , and demand that Bottom is given the opportunity to be himself, both to celebrate his assness and embrace and be embraced for his bravery in coming out of the stable

Surely Bottom was just trying to bring his hole self to work?

Bwa ha ha 🤣

Zeugma · 20/06/2024 16:59

We the audience are complicit in this cruel bullying, and we should own this, make a stand , and demand that Bottom is given the opportunity to be himself, both to celebrate his assness and embrace and be embraced for his bravery in coming out of the stable

Surely Bottom was just trying to bring his hole self to work?

TemporalMechanic · 20/06/2024 16:51

The existence of Minnie Gertrude Ellis Jeffreys doesn't make 'Ellis' a recognisably unisex first name in the 19th century any more than her mother's name, Elizabeth Anne Mann Corker, means that 'Mann' was a unisex name.

It wasn't unheard of for boys to be given surnames as first names, sometimes their mother's maiden name or another family name. I haven't come across it for girls. (The literary among us may note Linton Heathcliff and Pitt Crawley.) Middle names, yes.

Regardless, ascribing gender identity nonsense to 19th century women on the basis of pseudonyms used to hide their sex is ludicrous and anachronistic and I'm glad they're getting pushback for it.

AlisonDonut · 20/06/2024 16:47

MagpiePi · 20/06/2024 14:49

They could go down the Mary Rose nit comb route to create an entirely forced relevance to gender ideology.

'These lawn mowers would have been mainly used by men to mow the lawn.
However, for many people today, how we cut our lawn is a central pillar of our identity. Lawns are often heavily gendered, following the gender norm that men like short grass, and women like longer grass with flowers in it. By ‘subverting’ and playing with gender norms, people can find the lawns that they feel comfortable having outside their house.'

Add in a pink version and Bob's your new 'auntie'.

SerafinasGoose · 20/06/2024 16:43

An unfortunate misprint, A Womb of One’s Own was what she meant to write, but no one spotted it until the first copies had been sent out for review, by which time it was too late. An object lesson to us all to be very careful with articulation whether we are dictating our masterpieces to slightly deaf shorthand typists, or using voice activated word programmes.

'For we think back through our mothers, if we are women'.

Seems someone took the idea of author-matrilineage a little too literally!

SerafinasGoose · 20/06/2024 16:42

MissScarletInTheBallroom · 20/06/2024 13:19

Shakespeare wrote characters who disguised themselves as the opposite sex. When he used this plot device he had to be very obvious about it. Lots of asides along the lines of, "I'm really a woman but I'm dressed as a man, hope I don't get found out!!!" to remind the audience that the man on stage was playing a woman who was pretending to be a man, because they were not allowed to have an actual woman playing the female character.

That has nothing to do with people in the 21st century identifying as trans or non binary or gender fluid or what have you. These concepts did not exist in Shakespeare's time.

Virginia Woolf is a completely different author who was writing more than 300 years after Shakespeare.

Edited

True. Woolf oscillated between models of androgyny and essentialism constantly throughout her writing. That opposition is starkly illustrated in A Room of One's Own as opposed to Three Guineas, to cite two very obvious examples.

Her own sexuality also likely informs her best-known essays and some of her novels. Of course we can't know anything about Shakespeare, other than a possible sexual ambivelence detectable in his writing.

But this has little to do with what's now come to be thought of as gender identity. If Foucault is right, and our gendered 'subject positions' vary vastly between historical time and geographical space, then such questions would simply have been irrelevant in those times anyway. As would, for instance, the idea of childhood.

MrsWhattery · 20/06/2024 16:37

'These hostile comments are bullying our staff'. No, it is not 'bullying' it is people not agreeing with you, just the same as any other disagreement on a point of literary or historical interpretation. Live with the disagreement and/or refute their arguments if you choose to do so.

I am pretty sure Charlotte Bronte herself would have disagreed vehemently with this shite and been pretty good at putting her thoughts into words. I wonder if they'd have slapped her down too.

viques · 20/06/2024 16:24

ScrollingLeaves · 20/06/2024 13:34

Was “A Room of Own’s Own” all about a special pad for a transman, or about how women of that time were socially held back because of their sex?

An unfortunate misprint, A Womb of One’s Own was what she meant to write, but no one spotted it until the first copies had been sent out for review, by which time it was too late. An object lesson to us all to be very careful with articulation whether we are dictating our masterpieces to slightly deaf shorthand typists, or using voice activated word programmes.

I would also like to take this opportunity to celebrate Shakespeare’s little recognised attempt to bring Therian culture into the mainstream of popular theatre. People see Bottom in his asses head as a figure of fun, but no one acknowledges the inner pain and despair of a soul in transition whose only way of expressing his true identity for a few brief moments is to allow himself to be ridiculed and mocked by other characters. We the audience are complicit in this cruel bullying, and we should own this, make a stand , and demand that Bottom is given the opportunity to be himself, both to celebrate his assness and embrace and be embraced for his bravery in coming out of the stable.

ScrollingLeaves · 20/06/2024 16:10

MagpiePi · 20/06/2024 14:49

They could go down the Mary Rose nit comb route to create an entirely forced relevance to gender ideology.

'These lawn mowers would have been mainly used by men to mow the lawn.
However, for many people today, how we cut our lawn is a central pillar of our identity. Lawns are often heavily gendered, following the gender norm that men like short grass, and women like longer grass with flowers in it. By ‘subverting’ and playing with gender norms, people can find the lawns that they feel comfortable having outside their house.'

Brilliantly done @MagpiePi , and this is also a beguiling description in spite of the mockery.

You could work for J Walter Thompson as well as be a Rainbow garnerer for museums.

Beowulfa · 20/06/2024 16:07

Chersfrozenface · 20/06/2024 16:00

If there's ever a qualification in Gender Bollocks, that would make an excellent exam task.

"Using the Mary Rose Nit Comb Template, write a blog post for the Bakewell Pudding Museum."

For a moment I thought there might actually be a Bakewell Pudding Museum, but alas it seems not.

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