On footie and rugby you have a ref & linesmen judging if xyz happened.
In gymnastics, diving, Cheer the judges decide how well something is executed. The difficulty of the move has been predetermined. The score sheets are very detailed and precise with points gained, deducted etc. Dance is far more judges opinion than points.
Even in athletics you have the was it a false start, did they go into someone else’s line, were they doping.
Its actually less clear cut than you think of you start digging a bit more.
After all “the hand of god” that was a “judge” decision.