Toilets are a nightmare. There’s lots of reasons for this.
Historic reasons - it’s not that long ago that flushing toilets were invented. For a lot of people, these toilets were outside. I am not that old (!) but lived in a house with an outside toilet once, simply because it hadn’t been modernised.
When toilets were inside workplaces, it could be just men’s, as that was the workforce.
Same with public toilets and those in venues. Womens were added later. As for trying to find space for when disabled toilets were introduced, this was more problematical. Even now, many places don’t have correct facilities that meet regs.for those that need accessible toilets. Standards change over time too - the original sizes of cubicles were based upon the space needed for a man to urinate.
Regulation and legislation reasons -
These are all founded on biological sex and the knowledge that mixed sex provision needs obvious design adjustments for privacy. Mixed sex provision was never seen as a solution or panacea. Single sex design in toilet accommodation is always superior in terms of health and safety. Trying to shoehorn mixed sex toilets into single sex designs doesn’t work.
Economic reasons - regulations such as Approved Document T (2024) talked about toilet refurbishments and new builds. This was because of the financial impacts. If you looked at the EHRC impacts, economics were looked at too.
Document T and M discuss toilets designs as being separate sex (as in washrooms etc), as do British Standards. Then unisex as a room option. This has been in place for decades. It becomes an issue when people don’t follow the rules. If everyone had followed these rules, they wouldn’t have a panic now.
Building control - a mumsnetter told me that the mechanism for checking building venues were following regs was privatised a while back. Many just did their own designs. A bit like academisation with schools. Previously, you would have been discussing regs with your local education authority. Now you had headteachers designing their own pupils’ toilets.
Schools are under certain exemptions so haven’t followed rules that others do. There is an argument they should have followed them but Education Estates really liked experimenting with mixed sex toilet designs. It is interesting this year’s designs from the Department of Education are very different.
What brought everything into focus was the FWS verdict. For everyone that’s messed about, (schools particularly), they are now finding out.