I think law relating to equality is complex. The EA covers a lot of different characteristics and sometimes discrimination is allowed, in certain circumstances.
For example, the single sex exemptions allow discrimination on the grounds of sex in some circumstances, but what those circumstances are is not clearly stated, but relies on the description that discrimination can only be applied on a case by case basis, as well as being a “proportionate means of achieving a legitimate aim”.
My understanding is that the intention was that men and women should usually be using mixed sex facilities, or not discriminate between male and female for jobs (for example) in the majority of cases. But where a case could be made (case by case) for services to be single sex (where people were undressing or sleeping in the same room, for example) discrimination on the basis of sex was allowed.
Stonewall’s master stroke was based on the idea that the gender identify meant that “trans people” must be considered to be the sex they weren’t. They then pushed the line that “case by case” meant that you could only decide which individual man you could exclude from women’s spaces on a case by case basis.
Companies and public bodies were then left with an impossible task of deciding which men to exclude from women’s spaces, which required drawing impossible lines as presumably that meant you could exclude some men, but not all, and then you’d have to defend your actions if challenged. Obviously that’s much more difficult than making a case for excluding all male people.
It was a massive help to them that single sex was allowed, but not required. Therefore if it was too complicated to defend on a case by case basis which particular men to exclude, it was easier (and not illegal) to let them in as they wished and hope for the best.
They must have decided on this plan at a time when the EA was not fully embedded or understood, and it was pushed, I suspect on companies through HR and ever expanding DEI departments, which paid Stonewall a lot to teach them about this rather complex law and how the intersection between sex and gender reassignment was handled.
Those taught by Stonewall naively assumed Stonewall were experts on DEI. Companies and organizations which were afraid of being sued covered themselves by employing Stonewall…. Who then sold them all a massive lie. It’s shocking to see how successful this has been as many educated people now seem to believe Stonewall’s version is true as it has become so embedded.
I think that it might ultimately need some massive legal changes to the law to clarify what was originally meant, but it will be a huge job to disentangle it.
In the Sandie Peggie case though, the law the hospital can (hopefully) use is the Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations 1992, which are generally much clearer and do actually require single sex provisions. Unfortunately transactivism is ahead of that too, in some ways, as it uses “men” and “women” as the divider rather than “male” and “females” and Stonewall et al have been pushing the idea that male and female could retain their original meanings (sex) but man and woman referred instead to “gender identity”, to the point where some of those things have even been changed in dictionaries.
It truly is a shitshow and is going to take a huge effort to untangle, by politicians who (broadly) are not really invested in doing so.
Itbtr