A quick Google seems to suggest that women tend to be sentenced with more leniency than men. Interestingly, though, a recurring suggestion for this is actually male paternalistic bias - when more female judges are introduced we see less sentencing disparity.
There also seems to be evidence that women are punished more harshly for crimes outside of accepted gender norms, which aligns with what some posted have said above - I didn't post that study as I accidentally closed the link and can't be arsed to find it again.
A 2001 University of Georgia study found substantial disparity in the criminal sentencing that men and women received "after controlling for extensive criminological, demographic, and socioeconomic variables". The study found that in US federal courts, "blacks and males are... less likely to get no prison term when that option is available; less likely to receive downward departures [from the guidelines]; and more likely to receive upward adjustments and, conditioned on having a downward departure, receive smaller reductions than whites and females".[9]
In 2005 Max Schanzenbach found that "increasing the proportion of female judges in a district decreases the sex disparity" in sentencing which he interprets as "evidence of a paternalistic bias among male judges that favors female offenders".[10]
In 2006 Ann Martin Stacey and Cassia Spohn found that women receive more lenient sentences than men after controlling for presumptive sentence, family responsibilities, offender characteristics, and other legally relevant variables, based on examination of three US district courts.[11]
In 2012 Sonja B. Starr from University of Michigan Law School found that, controlling for the crime, "men receive 63% longer sentences on average than women do," and "[w]omen are…twice as likely to avoid incarceration if convicted", also based on data from US federal court cases.[12][13]
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentencing_disparity
Our results indicate that women receive more lenient sentences even after controlling for circumstances such as the severity of the offense and past criminal history.
https://bakadesuyo.com/2010/08/do-women-receive-lighter-prison-sentences-tha/