The last couple of years, mainly since a visit to Lichfield and the house of Erasmus Darwin, I became really interested in the history of science during 18th century... (With a bit of Newton prior to that for good measure lol)
Obviously science stretches back to the Greeks, there's Galileo, Copernicus, & Da Vinci and less well known discoverers & recorders too, but until the microscope & telescope were invented, quite a bit of science was observation, logic and reason without clear evidence of the tiny building blocks of life or being able to see further than the naked eye in the night sky.
The Age of Wonder* had Scottish Enlightenment thinkers, the inventive Lunar Society in the Midlands, national museums & Royal Societies popping up all over the place & plenty of European thinkers all racing to experiment with, explore & catalogue the world. A fascinating period & the book 'The Age of Wonder: How the Romantic generation discovered the beauty & terror of science' - by Richard Holmes is fantastic for an overview of this period.
Holmes quotes French chemist Lavoisier, who was guillotined (for embezzling tax funds), who wrote this beautiful phrase "we should proceed from the known facts to the unknown" in 1789... That is not make up stuff to our own advantage based on strongly held feelings rather than using empirical evidence we can see with our own eyes.
It's fascinating how science broke through to establish itself in Western Europe despite the stranglehold religion had on ways of thinking & what you were allowed to think, often punishable by death.
Erasmus Darwin who was Charles Darwin's grandad had the family motto 'everything from shells', emblazoned on his Stagecoach but was forced to remove it, especially as his house was in the shadow of Lichfield cathedral... This heresy against God's creation of the world was too much for the church to bear on a daily basis!
That Royal Societies currently seem keen to jump on the gender bandwagon is beyond ridiculous. What I love about Abigail Shrier's 'Irreversible Damage' is it's foundation in the best science available & the disbelief that this unscientific, unevidenced, psychiatric ailment is taken so seriously by people who should know better.
Don't know if arguing with people who won't or can't think critically is that productive but sometimes you just find yourself doing it...good to deliberate but stick with the known facts is my motto...just wish others would too lol...