(PART 6)
Key points
There is no defence of mistaken reasonable belief in age of the complainant.
It is a defence against aiding, abetting or counselling an offence (except section 8) if the purpose is to:
Protect the child from sexually transmitted infection
Protect the physical safety of the child
Protect the child from becoming pregnant
Promote the child's emotional well-being by the giving of advice unless the purpose is to obtain sexual gratification or to cause or encourage the relevant sexual act (section 73).
Section 8 covers the wide range of activity as in section 4, but also covers the situation where a person incites (encourages) the child to take part in the sexual activity, even if the activity itself does not take place.
Penalties
Sections 5 and 6 are indictable only and carry a maximum sentence of life imprisonment.
Section 7 is triable either way and carries a maximum sentence of 14 years on indictment.
Section 8 is indictable only and carries a maximum sentence of life imprisonment if the activity involves:
Penetration of (B's) anus or vagina;
Penetration of (B's) mouth with a person's penis;
Penetration of a person's anus or vagina by (B) or
Penetration of a person's mouth with (B's) penis.
Section 8 creates two separate offences because the maximum sentence differs depending on proving penetrative or non-penetrative activity R v Courtie[1984] AC 463.
In drafting charges and indictments, prosecutors should specify whether the sexual activity is either penetrative or non-penetrative sexual activity.
Non-penetrative activity is either way and carries a maximum sentence of 14 years on indictment.
In determining the level of sentence, the same degree of seriousness should apply whether a person 'causes' or 'incites' the activity.
(PART 6)