On the spousal veto:
The GRA predates equal marriage. It used to be the case that you couldn't get a GRC unless you ended the marriage first (hence the recent pension case). Married applicants would be granted an interim GRC and would then have 6 months to start proceedings to annul the marriage. Once the marriage had ended they got a full GRC and a new birth certificate.
Now we have equal marriage so people can change legal sex and remain married - but only if both parties agree. Married applicants need to include signed consent from their spouse, otherwise they get an interim GRC and proceed as above.
It's not a veto on getting a GRC, it's a veto on fundamentally changing the terms of the marriage. If your spouse doesn't consent, you end the marriage and then get your full GRC. Why wouldn't you? Why would you stay married to someone who refused to recognise your stunning and brave true self? The only reason I can think of is a religious objection to divorce - which is why an interim GRC is grounds for annulment.
Here are my answers to those questions:
Question 7
Should it be possible to apply for and obtain legal gender recognition without any need for spousal consent?
NO
A marriage is a contract between two people. If one of those people legally changes their sex then the contract has changed - something that should only happen with the agreement of both parties. For example, a man in a heterosexual marriage applies for a GRC and beomes legally female. The wife is henceforth in a lesbian marriage having never agreed to this. Conversely, in a lesbian marriage, if one party transitions and becomes legally male, the other party is now deemed to be in a heterosexual marriage, without her consent. Much is spoken about the importance of respecting people's identities. If this is important then it is important for everybody, not just the person who is transitioning.
Question 9
Should legal gender recognition stop being a ground of divorce or dissolution?
NO
It is wholly unfair on a spouse to remove this as a ground for divorce. The spouse would then need to wait up to two years or cite 'unreasonable behaviour' in order to legally end the relationship. Part of the public sector equality duty is to foster good relationships between those with a particular protected characteristic and those who do not share it. This proposal is likely to actively worsen those relationships by removing a straightforward, no-fault ground for divorce. Aditionally, as noted above, a marriage or civil partnership is a contract between two people. If the terms of that contract change then either party should have the right to end the contract on those grounds.
Thinking about it, I'm not sure this has ever been grounds for divorce, just dissolution (annulment)
I've recently read arguments that it should be divorce rather than annulment because the latter creates a legal fiction that the marriage never existed (and one legal fiction - change of sex - is bad enough!) So I think there should be a choice of divorce or annulment and if there's no agreement on this the court should decide. Either way, finances, housing and child arrangements all still need sorting out, with the help of the court if necessary.
If the spousal veto was removed, all those trans widows could end up stuck in marriages for 1-2 years (Scotland) or 2-5 years (England & Wales) unless they were prepared to cite unreasonable behaviour. Doubtless this would be very very easy in lots of cases, however:
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It makes things even more stressful and antagonistic and puts those women in a position where they can easily be accused of transphobia for saying their spouse's transition is unreasonable behaviour in itself
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What counts as unreasonable behaviour is up to the judge to decide. We really can't afford to be complacent on this.