eepie - your post at 15.03 rings a lot of bells.
I am a man by the way if you didn't already know and I posted because I had an inkling of what was going on as my relationship with my mother was very similar to what you describe.
To a large extent and in many aspects my relationship with my wife is coloured by it. I am fairly sure your DP loves you on a level he can't explain properly. He loves you because of this:
"...the rock, doing a lot of work inside and outside of the home, never being vulnerable etc which has been really hard for me as although I am very independent (have supported myself pretty much 100% financially since I moved out of home when I was 17, have always worked, not shied away from hard work eg nannying, cleaning jobs if I had to).."
My wife is very very similar. In our early days, I struggled when she was suddenly vulnerable/emotional because that wasn't the person she normally was. However, we had a long relationship before children, then my wife became extremely ill to the point I genuinely believed she would die. I learned to deal with that vulnerability before we eventually had children. Your DP hasn't had that kind of experience yet. He can change.
I suggest that once this has all blown over you try and explore how DP feels when you express emotion or are vulnerable. Let him talk, don't shout at each other. The 'like' picture thing is just daft behaviour that will not be repeated. The other stuff is important:
'.. but the majority of the time I feel it really irritates him and disturbs him when he sees me being emotional or irrational and needing to be comforted or reassured' ... is him struggling outside any experience he has had of a woman he is close to.
My mother never expressed emotion to me and not very much to my father. She had made herself invulnerable as she was brought up by a single woman herself. She did hard physical work every day of her life. There wasn't room for 'soft stuff' but I know now she suffered depression and just covered it up. She brought me and my sisters up to behave the same way. She used to get annoyed if we were ill or upset. I suspect your DP is the same.
I'm blathering on and I'm not saying you should just accept the way your DP is but he is being the way he is for a reason. Try to get him to recognise that and talk about it.