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New Year, New Fallen Woman: Elizabeth Gaskell's Ruth Readalong

586 replies

BishyBarnyBee · 28/12/2023 07:42

Following the very successful Madame Bovary readalong, we have decided to explore another woman who refused to be bound by contemporary mores.
So shocking at the time, two of Gaskell's friends burnt their copies.

"Elizabeth Gaskell's Ruth (1853) was the first mainstream novel to make a fallen woman its eponymous heroine. It is a remarkable story of love, of the sanctuary and tyranny of the family, and of the consequences of lies and deception, one that lays bare Victorian hypocrisy and sexual double-standards. Shocking to contemporary readers, its radical utopian vision of a pure woman faithfully presented predates Hardy's Tess by nearly forty years."

We will aim for two chapters a week - a weekend chapter and a mid week chapter. If I have time, I'll try and do a ChatGPT chapter summary, but anyone else is welcome to jump in if I haven't got there first.

We start 1st Jan, so if you are up for a bit of Victorian passion, guilt, regret and redemption, sign up here!

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Thread gallery
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BishyBarnyBee · 16/04/2024 10:23

Sadik · 16/04/2024 08:50

Yes, it just needs to stop here!! The saddest thing for me is that Ruth is effectively choosing Bellingham over Leonard at this point

I hadn't thought of it like that but you are so right!

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BishyBarnyBee · 16/04/2024 11:06

SPOILER ALERT
Apologies if you haven't finished the book, I've taken a unilateral decision to crack on as so many people have been unable to resist finishing it. If you haven't finished, just don't click on the posts until you have, and I'll try not to give anything crucial away in the first few lines!

Chapter 35

In which an exhausted Ruth nurses Donne back from the brink then succumbs to the fever herself.

Ruth nurses Donne for 3 days and nights and her every sense is strained by the effort of watching over him. On the 3rd night, Davis takes her place and she lays dully with her head in her arms, barely able to remember who or where she is, all consciousness and interest in life having drained away. The night seems endless and she cannot even remember who the troubled patient is. Davis summons her to see that the crisis has passed and Donne will live. As their eyes meet, Donne asks "Where are the water lilies? Where are the lilies in her hair?" Ruth's cheeks are deadly pale and she clutches Davis' arm before collapsing in a dead faint.

Davis carries her to the Benson's, where he reproaches himself that he has killed her. He passes Donne's care on to a rival surgeon, joking that he cannot bring himself to care for a Radical, and marveling at his rival's willingness to believe this self-mockery. Davis devotes all his skill and energy to saving Ruth who, whether from exhaustion or because of her gentle nature, shows no outrage or discord in her delirium. She falls into a sweet, child-like insanity, singing one childish ditty after another and not recognising any of them, even Leonard .

She lingers for 2 days, then open her eyes wide as if she sees a happy vision. She smiles a rapturous smile as she says she sees the Light coming, then falls back, still for evermore.

Leonard has been quiet during her illness but now his wail rings throughout the house, refusing to be comforted: "You will not leave me alone! You are not dead! Mother! Mother!"

But Ruth lies dead.

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Rae36 · 16/04/2024 11:16

I've fallen off the wagon and am still only on chapter 22!

I'll try to catch up. Or maybe just read the chapter summaries then jump back in.

BishyBarnyBee · 16/04/2024 11:29

Rae36 · 16/04/2024 11:16

I've fallen off the wagon and am still only on chapter 22!

I'll try to catch up. Or maybe just read the chapter summaries then jump back in.

I think you might have fallen prey to the same mid-section malaise that affected a lot of us. There is quite a long section where Ruth just repents and becomes pure and it's all a bit dull - we lost a fair few readers then. I think it gets more interesting after 22. Feel free to do a quick plot catch up with the chapter summaries and join us for the end, or read at your own pace and read the thread later.

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Tarahumara · 16/04/2024 16:37

I wonder why Gaskell felt the need to give us a spoiler (when we are told, after Ruth and Jemima's last conversation, that they would "never meet again in life")? I feel that the death scene would be even more affecting if we were unsure of the outcome and were hoping for her to pull through.

BishyBarnyBee · 16/04/2024 16:52

Tarahumara · 16/04/2024 16:37

I wonder why Gaskell felt the need to give us a spoiler (when we are told, after Ruth and Jemima's last conversation, that they would "never meet again in life")? I feel that the death scene would be even more affecting if we were unsure of the outcome and were hoping for her to pull through.

Again with the very occasional and slightly jarring authorial comments - she can't help herself, can she? You're right that it's a massive spoiler.

I feel so sad that another fallen woman has to die - Tess, Emma Bovary and now Ruth. The wages of sin truly were death in those days - for women. Whereas scummy Donne - well, more of him incoming. I've done the final chapter summary, shall I stick it up now or do we think we need a bit of time to digest 35?

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ChessieFL · 16/04/2024 16:53

Yes, none of these scandalous women could possibly be allowed to live, could they?! Anna Karenina is another with a sad end.

narniabusiness · 16/04/2024 16:55

I found the ending rather unsatisfactory to be honest as I think it was driven by EGs Christian moralizing. She turned Ruth into a saint with the nursing the sick and the poor people praising her and then as if that wasn’t enough gave her a martyrs death. I would have liked her to have a little more earthly happiness.

BishyBarnyBee · 16/04/2024 17:02

narniabusiness · 16/04/2024 16:55

I found the ending rather unsatisfactory to be honest as I think it was driven by EGs Christian moralizing. She turned Ruth into a saint with the nursing the sick and the poor people praising her and then as if that wasn’t enough gave her a martyrs death. I would have liked her to have a little more earthly happiness.

It is such a deeply Christian book, isn't it? I feel other authors (Dickens, maybe even the Brontes) were able to point out the hypocrisy of the wealthy Christian without laying the sainthood on with a trowel. Though it was an era of Madonna/Whore and not a lot in between, wasn't it?

Think we're moving to commenting on the ending overall here and feck it, I'm posting the final chapter. So sorry to anyone who has the discipline to stick to the original timetable, I just didn't have it in me to wait...

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BishyBarnyBee · 16/04/2024 17:07

Chapter 36

In which Donne stays true to character to the very end but Bradshaw finds new sympathy for the woman who he had hardened his heart against.

Leonard is so physically and mentally distressed that he is sent the Farquhar's to be cared for by Jemima. Anxiety about him is a sad distraction from the adults' own grief, as they wonder why they, the infirm and worn out, were left, while she was taken in her lovely prime.

On the 3rd day, a fine gentleman asks to speak to Benson. It is a weakened and indecisive Donne, wrapped in furs and wondering whether he has made a mistake in coming in person. Sally shows him Ruth's poor dead body, still as marble and wearing an ineffable look of bright serenity. Sally is unable to contain her grief, which makes Donne uncomfortable. He offers Sally a sovereign for her kindness to Ruth, which she indignantly rejects, lamenting that she was not kind to Ruth, and the world was not kind to Ruth, but now she is gone where the angels will be very tender to her.

Benson recognises Donne and tries to check the feeling that he is responsible for Ruth's death, but then Donne expresses his own regret that she died because of her love for him. Benson listens silently as Donne confirms his suspicions, saying that money is poor compensation for his youthful folly. Benson bites back a curse as Donne says he had offered to marry Ruth and is now offering to provide for the boy.

Benson's voice is icy as he says that those who honoured his mother will take care of Leonard. He says that God has another name for what Donne called youthful folly, and shuts the door in Donne's face.

Donne dismisses Benson as an ill-bred puritanical old fellow and think to himself that he has done his duty. Benson is bitterly disturbed by the interaction and feels anger at meeting Ruth's unknown seducer by her deathbed.

The funeral is calm and simple, the bier borne by some of the poor to whom she had been very kind in her lifetime. Benson has prepared a sermon and the old chapel is full of friends and strangers who have come to mourn Ruth, including the Bradshaw family in deep mourning.

Benson opens his sermon but all he can see before him is Ruth as she had been, stricken low and crouching from sight in the upland field by Llan-dhu, like a woeful hunted creature. Forgetting his sermon, he reads the seventh chapter of revelations which promises that "They which came out of great tribulation, and have washed their robes, and made them white in the blood of the Lamb...shall serve God in his temple...and he shall wipe away all tears from their eyes." The congregation sob as he reads it, though Sally is slightly embarrassed by the lack of a proper sermon and feels the need to explain to Davis that Benson does preach an uncommon fine sermon sometimes.

Bradshaw is now anxious to testify his respect for the woman who, if all had entertained his opinions, would have been driven into hopeless sin. He arranges to meet the stonemason at the grave to measure up for a tombstone. Leonard lies on the new-stirred turf, his face swollen with weeping. He calms himself and offers the simple explanation that his mother is dead. Bradshaw puts his hand on Leonard's shoulder and takes him home. It is the first time for years that he has entered Mr Benson's house, and he comes leading and comforting Ruth's son. For a moment, he cannot speak to his old friend for the sympathy that chokes his voice and fills his eyes with tears.

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Tarahumara · 16/04/2024 19:39

And we're done! Well done @BishyBarnyBee. Overall I enjoyed this more than Madame Bovary - I think I'm in the minority though! Neither are a patch on Anna K IMO.

narniabusiness · 16/04/2024 19:55

Thank you @BishyBarnyBee for leading this read a long and your excellent summaries. I don’t regret reading this book as I do enjoy period literature for what it says about the times as well as for the plot.
I did, now we have come to the end, want to mention how the ending compares to’Clarrisa’. I don’t know if you are familiar with it? Clarissa is also a deeply religious book and she is manipulated by a rake and she is raped and then she lays down and wills her own death. I think Richardson’s readers didn’t want him to kill off his heroine, but the fact is that she decides her own destiny. I found that more compelling than the ending of Ruth. I suppose if you firmly believe that heaven is one’s reward then getting there early isn’t too bad - except for poor Leonard.

BishyBarnyBee · 16/04/2024 20:30

Tarahumara · 16/04/2024 19:39

And we're done! Well done @BishyBarnyBee. Overall I enjoyed this more than Madame Bovary - I think I'm in the minority though! Neither are a patch on Anna K IMO.

I missed the AK readalong, can't remember why. I enjoyed this more than MB, but doing the chapter summaries made a huge difference to my investment and then enjoyment so it might not be a fair comparison. Ruth was pretty infuriating a lot of the time but I enjoyed the more complex characters, especially Jemima.

I actually liked Gaskell's somewhat heavy handed romantic descriptions, and her little humourous touches - even in the final tragic chapter, she can't resist giving Sally an anti-Dissenter jibe to lighten the mood.

One thing that really grated was the constant emphasis on Ruth's ethereal beauty - I wondered how a less stunningly beautiful woman would have fared, though of course she might not have caught Bellingham's eye in the first place. But would a stocky lumpen farm girl have aroused the same protective feelings in Benson? Or in the reader?

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BishyBarnyBee · 16/04/2024 20:42

narniabusiness · 16/04/2024 19:55

Thank you @BishyBarnyBee for leading this read a long and your excellent summaries. I don’t regret reading this book as I do enjoy period literature for what it says about the times as well as for the plot.
I did, now we have come to the end, want to mention how the ending compares to’Clarrisa’. I don’t know if you are familiar with it? Clarissa is also a deeply religious book and she is manipulated by a rake and she is raped and then she lays down and wills her own death. I think Richardson’s readers didn’t want him to kill off his heroine, but the fact is that she decides her own destiny. I found that more compelling than the ending of Ruth. I suppose if you firmly believe that heaven is one’s reward then getting there early isn’t too bad - except for poor Leonard.

I haven't read Clarissa, I hope to get to it at some point.

Benson saying that in chapter 33 that only a flash of time would separate her from Leonard if she died was absolutely chilling to those not sharing his unflinching faith in the afterlife.

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BishyBarnyBee · 16/04/2024 20:49

ChessieFL · 16/04/2024 16:53

Yes, none of these scandalous women could possibly be allowed to live, could they?! Anna Karenina is another with a sad end.

According to the Penguin introduction, Charlotte Bronte agreed, writing to ask Gaskell "Why are we to shut up the book weeping?"

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Sadik · 16/04/2024 21:21

I've really enjoyed the readalong, & taking the book more slowly has definitely meant I've got more out of it.

In many ways, although Ruth is notionally the main character, really for me the book is 'about' all the other characters, with Ruth acting mainly as a mirror to reflects the virtues & failings of others.

StColumbofNavron · 16/04/2024 21:24

I did shout out loud in frustration when she died. All this political commentary, all this suffering and redemption and for what - the same ending!!!!!

That said, I’m very pleased I read it and most pleased I read it with you all.

Sadik · 16/04/2024 21:27

I did like the fact that for about one moment it looked like Bellingham might repent - and then he reverted to his baseline level of selfishness and strolled off into the sunshine.

ChessieFL · 17/04/2024 06:23

Thanks for your hard work on this thread @BishyBarnyBee. Your chapter summaries have been invaluable and really helped me understand bits I had missed.

BishyBarnyBee · 17/04/2024 07:15

Sadik · 16/04/2024 21:27

I did like the fact that for about one moment it looked like Bellingham might repent - and then he reverted to his baseline level of selfishness and strolled off into the sunshine.

Yes, it was good to get one last bit of Bellingham hate in before the end. He really was an absolute toad, wasn't he? Superior, dismissing Benson as ill-bred, and congratulating himself on his virtue in doing the right thing by Ruth.

Not a shred of self awareness and it makes Ruth's punishment even more poignant that he got off Scot free, not even a pang of conscience to bother him. Of course Gaskell would believe, like Benson, that he'd get his just desserts when he met his maker, but the modern reader doesn't have that comfort.

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Tarahumara · 17/04/2024 07:23

Yes, when he found himself on his way to view the body I did think there would be some repentance. Which there was... briefly!

TerryWoganFanGirl · 17/04/2024 11:09

Bellingham/Donne was the best thing about the novel imo. It came alive every time he was in it. I’m glad he didn’t turn over a new leaf at the end, wouldn’t have aligned with his character. Taught by his mother you can buy your way out of anything, used to people being grateful for his attention and completely blind to his own sins. A great rotter!

FuzzyCaoraDhubh · 17/04/2024 12:01

I'm still planning to reread the last few chapters but I just wanted to point out that the stable boy was the little lad that Bellingham plucked out out of the river at the start of the book, I think.

I completely agree about Bellingham/Donne.

Thank you for your amazing summaries and dedication to this read along @BishyBarnyBee When I said at the start that we could wing it without Shmoop, I had no idea you were going to come up with this set of accompanying notes!

I still prefer Emma Bovary as my favourite fallen woman by the way.

Edited to add that I was disappointed and annoyed with the demise of Ruth. She deserved a little earthly happiness. A happy ending would have been good. Hadn't she gone through enough (apparently not...) It wasn't completely surprising as she became more and more saintly as the book progressed, but it annoyed me. Also, as Sadik pointed* *out, I felt she put Bellingham/Donne over her son when she decided to go to him and that annoyed me as well.

Jeesh, that was a long edit!

Tarahumara · 17/04/2024 14:33

I'm not sure I agree that Ruth put Bellingham before Leonard. After all, she'd just spent several weeks / months (?) in the infirmary and could have contracted typhus at any time. So she only put Bellingham ahead of Leonard to the same extent that she put lots of random sick people ahead of him.

FuzzyCaoraDhubh · 17/04/2024 14:37

Well, yes. Good point Tarahumara.
**
I suppose the way I looked at it was in terms of significant relationships.
The people she cared for were anonymous entities as part of her vocation to be a nurse. She made a deliberate choice to go to nurse Donne.

But yes. I know what you mean. She went out there anyway and risked exposure.

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