Ah, I need to read this again! I really love this book 
I too was waiting for a corporate conspiracy (although read Under the Skin after - another great book).
The faith of the Oasans was strange. They couldn't understand and,as you've said, their perspective of time wasn't really there,but it was a totally blind faith that seemed to be largely born out of nothing as they really didn't seem to grasp it, did they? I wonder if it was due to their constant requirement for medication but they didn't seem particularly phased as a whole!
However, Jesus Lover 5, who I was rather fond of, clearly had the ability to question to a degree and I found her faith truer than that of the others due to this.
I remember wondering if the whiteflower or that water was messing with his mind a bit, or if they were pumping some toxic gas into the atmosphere at the compound. He was far too consumed, with no doubts or questions and no concerns about his wife and what was going on at home. It was bizarre. I'm not sure if he was depressed,mind messed or seeing himself as a messiah to Oasans to the point that nothing else in the world mattered because that was in the hands of someone else while his purpose was to save them.
I need to read again now to discuss properly, but the new David Mitchell (Slade House) arrived today so that will come first!