Cats are semi-wild animals in law.
I am shocked at how many people keep their healthy cats indoors for 18+ years. I really cannot fathom how a cat would live it's life to the full without feeling the sun on it's fur, the wind, the rain and cold even. Without jumping fences, running from other cats, meeting foxes, hunting mice, catching birds. Without that freedom to just do what it likes in the open air and then come in and sleep and dream of it all.
I have a lovely rescue cat and have had a number of cats before. I think the rescue might be a pedigree of some kind he seems so unusual. But I'd rather he had a few full years of outdoor and indoor life as he chooses, than a safe but boring half existence within 4 walls. He hunts, he brings me dead and not so dead things, he has cat friends in the area who hang out together, he has our kingsize bed to sleep on whenever he wants, he treats the garden hedge as a sushi bar of birds and mammals, he jumps fences and annoys the neighbours dog.
The four weeks of keeping him in while he bonded with us and our house when he first arrived were tough. He was desperate to get out. It was v.scary letting him go and waiting to see if he would come back. But he knows where he is fed, brushed and loved and even with two preschoolers he chooses to come back.
Having a pet is always about risking loss and trying to minimise it (in at night, microchipped, neutered, decent catfood, vaccinations) but to try and eliminate risk altogether? That has too high a cost for a cat or a human.