Do you know what mix the Lurcher side of him is? My pup has a fair bit of Saluki in him and they are a very vocal breed - always 'talking' and 'singing'. Mine's a whiner too. Although to be honest, much as it sounds like whining, it's actually just his way of chatting and trying to communicate with us. Basically, he just likes the sound of his own voice! We tend to just chat back and that's often all he wants.
I've found the best way to tire mine out is training, rather than exercise. Saluki type hounds in particular are bred to be able to run for miles and miles to bring down their quarry, so it's not easy to tire them out by normal dog-walking. Have you tried clicker training with him? You could use it to work on the problem areas you mention. Have a look at some of the Kikopup videos on YouTube for ideas on both practical and fun training you could do.
You can also get through quite a lot of his regular dog-food during training session and as a result, he will - hopefully - not be as desperate for food at mealtimes, meaning you can catch him when he's quiet and feed him then.
The most peace I get from my boy is dog club day. We spend one hour there in the morning and he pretty much sleeps for the rest of the day - it's the combination of all the socialisation with other dogs and having to use his brain consistently for an hour at a time.
If meal-times persist in being a problem I would try feeding all his meals portioned out into, training treats, a treat ball, something like a greed feeder, perhaps a nina-ottosson puzzle toy etc, so he's not actually anticipating his meal appearing in a bowl in front of him. You can then gradually re-introduce mealtimes in a bowl if you want to, by feeding him at a time he isn't expecting it and when he's not desperate for food, then only giving him the bowl if he is calm and quiet.
I weigh out his food into portions for the week and bag them up in sandwich bags. That way I find it easier to grab one and prepare a treat toy or his green feeder without him being as likely to notice and start winding himself up. It also helps to make sure he gets the right intake, when he's getting a proportion of it as training treats.
Your boy does sound pretty attached, mine is similar and again this is a typical Saluki trait, they are often aloof with people, but can get very attached to one particular person and want to be with them 24/7. I have struggled with this bit, as we've already had one dog with separation anxiety within the past 12 months (when we lost our old dog and Lurcherboy couldn't cope with being on his own) and our neighbours were very good, but I don't want them to think I am taking advantage. As a result, I haven't left the house without him for more than 50 minutes since we brought him home last August. (It has taken this long to work up from him not being able to stand me even a step away from him to him being able to do almost an hour.)
Just this last week I have trialled giving him more freedom. (He was crated and loved his crate, but hated being left in there if I was upstairs or out of the house.) So we put his crate away last Friday and he has been so much better - we are really pleased. Today for the first time ever he didn't let out so much as a whimper when I spent over an hour upstairs. This is unheard of, normally he'd either be in his crate yelling or behind the living room door whingeing and he would react at the first sound of the living room door-handle moving, but letting him upstairs with me a few times over the weekend seems to have demystified where I disappeared to and this morning he just stayed curled up in his nice new bed in the kitchen without batting an eyelid.