Don't worry op. This will pass. It sounds very normal to me although I totally understand why you are upset about it. I don't think teens mature in a linear fashion. It's two steps forward, one step back. My dd , who can also be shouty and confrontational, can behave in an impressively mature way most of the time, and be daft as a brush the next! Same with life skills: she can be incredibly organised and competent most of the time and then one day do something very unexpected and plain stupid! The book "Untangled" about raising teen girls (it was recommended to me on here) explains the cerebral processes behind all of this teen inconsistency.
Also, teens let out all of their internal stresses on us, because we are a "safe" outlet. My dd also likes to start an argument to divert attention away from the fact that she hasn't done chores (feeding animals) etc. It's quite an effective tactic because it makes me think twice about asking her to do stuff when she is so objectional about it! (Feeble parenting on my part I know but at the moment it just isn't worth the upset. I do intend to put my foot down a bit more when I am feeling stronger though.)
Our job is to remain calm and consistent in the face of all this angst. The best tactic me and dh have been given is to (a) not let it get to you personally ie do more stuff to please yourself; get back to hobbies etc so you don't give as much headspace to all the friction at home and (b) walk away when she is being rude.
DH and I don't engage in arguments now. The minute things get heated, we walk out of the room. On one famous occasion when dd was screeching at me, I walked out of the front door and drove off in my car wearing an apron with my hands covered in flour! She is getting the message that we will only address matters with her when she is calm and reasonable. She can disagree about something all she likes as long as she presents her case in a respectful and sensible manner. She is improving and her arguments are becoming more eloquent 
I did used to take her phone away up to the age of sixteen, but after that. I think it creates more resentment than gratitude.
Most importantly, keep building up your relationship with your dd in other ways so that all of your interaction is not negative. Your relationship with her is the most important thing, and ultimately, when the going gets tough, is the bedrock that will keep her on track when she is outside of your direct supervision and when communication is difficult and things are generally tense. Unfortunately that sometimes means taking them out, or doing something as a treat, when you are seething with anger about something they have done (ie door slamming). But you have to find a way of starting with a clean slate every morning and trudging on. As some wise person said on here, when they are acting out the most and being the most difficult, is often when they need your love the most (or words to that effect)! Make sure she knows you are on "her side" as many teens think the world is against them ; it's their default setting in fact!
Having said all of the above, if my teen damaged property (for example , paint coming off a door because it is slammed) then I would , when everything was calm again, make them repair and paint it and the money for the paint would be coming out of their allowance.
One other thought; I think my dd was letting out a lot of her stress with us at home because she hadn't yet learnt how to be (politely) assertive at school. So she had a lot of "built up" anger and frustration that came bursting out after school hours. So working on building up their confidence and modelling polite assertiveness can work wonders too!
Good luck and don't let it ground you down 