Your situation sounds awful, I really feel for you.
DD was a 10mo when we decided to teach her to sleep, she wasn't sleeping longer than 2 hrs at a time, and there were usually a few hours in the night that she would wake every 20/30 mins.
We followed a sleep plan that you can download off the internet for about US$60. It's called The Sleep Sense Program, by Dana Obleman. There are a number of sleep plans categorised by age.
We started by staying by the cot. You can pat/shhh etc to calm your baby but only intermittently so that they don't actually fall asleep from it. The point is that they fall asleep on their own. It can take a long time, and your baby will cry. If DD became really distressed I would pick her up, calm her down, then back in the cot. Keep doing this till baby falls asleep.
After a few days you move away from the cot a bit and do the same thing. Then move to the door. Then leave the room while they are still awake.
It worked really well. DD goes to bed about 8pm and usually sleeps through till about 5/6am. If she wakes up she might cry out but will be asleep again in a few mins, or we pop in, give her a quick pat and she resettles herself.
I had previously read a book called 'Helping your Baby to Sleep - why gentle techniques work best' by Anni Gethin & Beth McGregor which gives lots of good reasons not to do control crying, so was quite anxious about leaving DD to cry.
I reckon though, there is no way of teaching your baby to sleep without some crying. They are crying for their usual sleep aid, and when they don't get it they get angry! This program worked for us as even though DD got mad, I was with her and she would not have felt abandoned - just frustrated! So worth persevering though. The first time she fell asleep on her own after just a few minutes felt like such an achievement. And waking up at 6 in the morning and realising I'd been asleep since 10pm...!
If you're still reading this post, sorry it's so long! Hope this helps, and good luck!