Whenever I read posts like this I get flashbacks to my eldest; we got to 9-10 months I think with her unable to self-settle, fed to sleep and needing to be picked up to get her back to sleep several times a night.
Eventually I worked out I had to do something; straight "controlled crying" with leaving the room didn't feel right to me for our situation so I did something slower. I've since heard it described as imagining you're on a long piece of elastic. Basically I started by putting her down awake, putting my hand on her and talking to soothe her. (Also, I used a wind up music toy to try to create a sleep cue). Then slowly removed my hand. Then started moving away from the cot a little at a time. Each time she got upset I'd go back and reassure her, restart the music etc, then back off again. Aiming to be able to reassure her by voice/music alone.
I couldn't do it until my head was in the right place and I was ready to just focus on sorting this regardless of anything else. Having said that, to my shock she was massively improved within about 3 days. You should be able to create an improvement in less than a week at any rate. Expect set-backs with illness and developmental leaps of course, but work out the sleep cues you will use and aim to stick to them, within reason.
I think when babies who can't self-settle (or have forgotten how to, or are too keen to practice their latest new skill!), are sleeping at night, they can wake themselves very easily every time they are in the lightest stage of their sleep cycle, which is why helping them self-settle becomes so important so they can actually sleep properly. Not in really little ones, but probably at some point past about 6 months I guess.
This will pass eventually! Said daughter is now nearly 14 and although she has trouble getting to sleep at night it isn't usually my problem!! And my youngest was a really easy sleeper by comparison.
Good luck and best wishes.