I think, sadly, most of it is in the genes.
I agree with Rooners, I think I made things worse by trying to get lo to be independent before he was ready.
my ds has always been a frequent waker and rather clingy at night. so I decided to sod all the sleep trainers and follow what he wanted.
I'm quite strict with the routine though (not schedule) and always track his sleep patterns. I've often offered 'sleep opportunities' when I think he's going through some changes (ie bf in dark quite room or go out with the pram / push chair) and then notice his new pattern, as well as his new sleepy signs. I do think this has done and is currently helping a lot. I'm a big fan of pram and bf to sleep actually.
If I dont think he's properly tired (at the moment if he's had two naps) I'll delay bedtime a little otherwise he's not ready and then the 'routine' is more of a clear ' this is how we go to sleep' rather than 'now we're going to fanny about for a bit.'
he's dropping feed to sleep of his own accord now at 13 mo but I lie on the bed as I've always done and try not to speak much. he's learning to just lie down and go to sleep (though this evening he had to blow raspberries on my tummy first) and I've been consistent with promoting the bedside cot since he was 7 months as where he starts off (doesn't always stay there all night!)
I've massively doubted myself with all this (it's what I've felt is right for him as from day 1 he's never slept for long) as many I know arent doing this and it's not for everyone, but now am happy. he's not arsed about feeds much at night now unless ill or teething (I did do a lot of the pantley pull off actually) and often just wants to cuddle. I''ve also found as a consequence he sleeps well if we're away as it's not much different. I also like not getting out of bed at night, so call me just lazy 