We are in Wales so Welsh is compulsory.
The gcses have been revamped- with some of the new courses starting in Sept 2025 and other starting in following years.
May vary a bit in some schools but some changes are a default with the new qualifications offered.
Maths is maths and numeracy- double award
English is language and literature combined - double award.
i think there is the option for schools to pick a single award if needed, but double is the default.
Science covers biology, chemistry and physics as a double award. In our school to take a separate gcse in all three, them one was selected as an option.
For our school either RE or equality and diversity are compulsory. We weren't given a choice and level 2 in equality and diversity was allocated.
They were allowed to choose three options and a back up. There were no requirements to select one from different sections, or a humanities/language etc, but they asked for indications in advance to help prepare timetables and which options were in which pathway.
In total dc will be
2 maths
2 English
2 Science
1 Welsh
3 options ( gcse and btech level 2 were offered depending on subject).
Dc is taking an extra one that was being offered after school.
Total 8 subjects ( counting Science as 1), but potentially 11 grades plus a level 2 in equality and diversity.
It is a state school, with a higher than average number of children in free school meals.
In some ways it feels a lot - but because some are double awards, in other ways it doesn't feel as much.
I did gcses in 1990. We had maths, English lang and English lit, then 6 columns to pick from. One column only had the three sciences, general science or human biology.
Another only had creative options.
Two had mainly humanities, language and other science options.
You then had to choose 2 from a box of vocational subjects, or 2 from two other columns of humanities/science/languages etc. Those colums had things such as sociology, economics etc in. Basically couldn't do more than 9 - had more options, but had to do at least one science, one humanities and one practical. Although encouraged a language wasn't compulsory ( I chose not to do one).