I am genuinely so stressed about the situation around T-levels and BTECs- I keep meaning to start a thread about it, but I also feel like it's a niche issue that not many people are interested in.
I currently work at a school with a lot of post 16 provision, our nearest big FE colleges are about an hour away (especially if you're reliant on public transport). There is some very vocational provision in the local area. We've successfully run extended diplomas in subjects like science, computing, engineering, health and social care, sport, performing arts, art etc for years, and have great progression onto university from these courses. I'm not sure if it matters but a lot of the students on the applied science course I teach go onto really useful jobs like nurses, mental health workers, radiologists, pharmacy technicians etc.
Most of those students wouldn't cope with Science A-levels, or would get through with maybe E or D grades, giving them really limited options for progression. As you say, some students are not good at exams. Some students also have challenges which mean that a system where "one bad day" can really scupper you doesn't fairly reflect their ability. Some students need a slightly more supportive course in Y12, to bridge the gap from GCSE to level 3.
Our course is being defunded in 2025, so we've potentially got two years to figure out an alternative. The nearby big FE college (which is in a city, we're not) hasn't been able to successfully run T-levels. The next nearest one has got a cohort through BUT then those students really struggled with university progression. Our local university doesn't current accept T-levels for any science or healthcare courses- that may change in the future but it may not.
A LOT of providers also say that T-levels aren't as accessible as BTECs for students with challenges such as SEN, health issues, social needs etc.
But it looks like in 2 years time, we're going to have to give up a course that works well for us and our students. It's very likely we won't go down the T-level route, because we don't think we can make it work- and because we're an 11-18 school, it's difficult for us to set up a whole new style of course post-16. We'll probably offer AACs, but these may not be as accessible, and so we'll likely leave a gap in provision in our local area. And I don't think we'll be the only ones.