Almost everywhere will mandate
- Maths
- English Lang & English Lit
- Combined Science (2 GCSEs)
Some schools will mandate for at least some pupils
- Separate sciences (3 GCSEs) in place of Combined
- At least one of History & Geography
- An MFL
Then there will be some free options.
These might be pick what you fancy, or they might be 'blocked' as in pick 1 from Column A, one from B etc.
If you have no idea how it's done then it is best to try to keep an open mind. No point getting excited to be dropping French and then find out it is mandatory.
These days it is between 8-11 subjects. Our comp has 9 as standard, 10 if doing separate sciences.
Mainly the advice is to pick subjects they enjoy and are reasonably able at, as they will be more likely to work hard and succeed at them. You'd expect those subjects to tie in with interests and aspirations anyway.
Art is well known to be a bit of a time eater if you have a child with perfectionist tendencies.
Drama or Dance (and maybe Music?) have reliance on other pupils to rehearse and perform with so that should be factored in.
Both PE and Food have a fair bit of science in them.
'Ebacc' was the compulsory subjects I listed at the top plus Hist/Geog + MFL and that still might be considered a broad range, but it doesn't suit everyone.