At the moment we have non-standardised procedures in this area and that's a potential source of unfairness.
In the case of Edexcel, it is possible for students’ exam scripts to be viewed online by teachers, making it easier to identify errors in marking. Other exam boards have a more opaque system.
Maybe those boards could follow the lead of Edexcel.
Some teachers are making use of Edexcel’s system to check their students' scripts to see if, in their professional opinion, the marking scheme has been applied correctly and, if not, whether a grade increase is likely upon a marking review. But not all teachers are doing this, even if the exam board the school is using is Edexcel.
Maybe it could become expected practice for teachers to do a marking review of their students’ scripts online and for parents/students to be alerted if there is a strong possibility of an upgrade. (Teachers’ diaries could be cleared so that they are not overstretched with this task.)
The question of payment for the exam board review procedure is a tricky one. The thought that some students are missing out because their parents/schools don’t have the wherewithal to pay makes me uneasy. I can understand that schools might not want to fork out unless they are certain of getting their money back and why parents are being asked to decide whether to fund the process when an element of risk is involved. Perhaps ability to pay should be a criterion, though, and provision should be made for those eligible for free school meals to have a school-funded marking review if there is a strong likelihood of a grade increase.
The system as it stands means that - to quote the Bible –
For he that hath, to him shall be given: and he that hath not, from him shall be taken even that which he hath.
And that can’t be right.