I think it might be helpful to realise that there's no 'right' or 'wrong', here. Nobody has to be respectful of other people, and we've all got our own individual opinions of what's ok and what isn't. He's not breaking any rules by doing/saying what he does. Equally, there is no 'right' or 'wrong' about how you feel about things. You can't be over-sensitive unless there is a 'correct' level of sensitive that we're all meant to be aiming for. Your sensitivity is a demonstration of your true personality; of who you are, and whilst you might feel that what he says is awful, another person might feel that watching you eat meat was equally offensive, because they're vegan, and it means a lot to them, whilst you think it's fine and normal. Trying to quell your own feelings is trying to quell your own nature. It's a denial of the reality of the shape of your own individuality, and it's the ultimate in disrespecting yourself.
You feel strongly about this, and yet you continue to be in a relationship with someone who demonstrates values which directly contradict your own. Not only that, but he continues to say these things in front of you, knowing that it will bother you. Have a think about why a person would do that. He could think it but not say it, couldn't he? And, if you're arguing about it, he must be pushing it further by insisting he's right when you object. This is all about his ego. Why do you think he needs to be so vociferous about putting people down?
So, it's not just his opinions that are bothering you; it's what they say about him, and what voicing them to you says about how he feels about you. He's putting women down, and when you say you don't like it, he's dismissing your feelings. Someone upthread said that if he's misogynistic, you yourself will come up against that at some point, as a woman. Well, you already have. He's already pitting his own ego against yours, and, in his own mind, he's winning, because you come out of it thinking that perhaps, after all, your feelings are worth dismissing, and you should accept his.
Pardon my French, but fuck that. You say he's a nice bloke most of the time. Well, so was Hitler. Lovely bloke to have tea and cake with, apparently. Very sweet and affectionate, very loving and considerate with animals etc etc. Many serial killers are nice, normal people nearly all the time... they just have this one 'unhealthy' hobby, which shocks those close to them to the core, because they think he's such a 'nice' person. I'm not suggesting that your partner is like Hitler or a serial killer. My point is that people can have a side to them that makes all their loveliness irrelevant, because they're just awful in some respect.
It's up to you to decide what's 'awful' to you. But your feelings aren't pesky annoyances to be squashed as they come up, like-whack-a-mole. They are your signposts to a happy life. They are your indicators of whether you are in the right place/with the right people/doing the right thing. Listen to them and respect them, and your life will become emotionally safer and more secure by the day. Your feelings are who you are: respecting them is respecting yourself.