He is abusive, as others have already said.
Please read Lundy Bancroft book Why Does He Do That? (You can download on kindle app).
One of the issues with at the fear you express at being single, is that lot probably seems as if whatever else is going on in your life is kind of separate to the relationship you’re in. So things like: work and educational opportunities, hobbies, friendships and so on are all separate issues, and having the relationship means that at least one box is ticked.
But what you don’t know is that, when the relationship you’re in is abusive, that infects every single area of your life. So very often ALL you end up with is an abusive relationship. Dealing with that saps the energy of the best of us, even without any other challenges.
The other things you may wish for yourself will be put out of reach, or made more difficult, because of the abusive relationship. The abuser will continue to destroy your self esteem. You’ll miss career opportunities and chances for strong sustaining friendships. You won’t gain the confidence to start new activities or develop and pursue your own interests. And you certainly won’t meet another man who will treat you better, or value you more highly, while you’re still with your current boyfriend.
You’re so young, you already have a lot to process and deal with. Don’t waste time on someone who isn’t in your corner.
I hope you are able to read that book and future proof yourself from abusive men. You deserve much more from life than this.