The two arent mutually exclusive, OP.
Much emotional abuse comes from feelings of insecurity or inadequacy and wanting to bring the other person down a peg or two or wanting to control their behaviour so that the jealous person is less 'triggered'.
Why cant it be worked through
Generally because unless the 'wronged' person is actually doing something deliberate or inconsiderate to upset the other, only one person can change this - the jealous person. And, as they feel justified in their feelings and that they are right, there is little impetus to change.
It requires a lot of insight on behalf of the jealous person.
When I was much younger, I was very jealous and insecure and, tbh, I made my partner at the time's life a misery. that wasn't my intention. I was just so insecure and filled with self loathing that I was angry at him that other women existed and he wasn't blind. He never behaved disrespectfully or inconsiderately. Not even once. I ended it in the end because I could see the effect it was having on both of us
It wasn't until I was on the receiving end of it, many years later, that I realised how destructive and abusive it was.
A little jealousy is normal because it means the other person is important to you. But once it begins to affect the way you behave and live your life, it has crossed over into abuse.