I'm just defending myself verbally
Your language is extremely interesting.
Why do you need to defend yourself?
When you evaluate your statement above - can you explain why self-defense is part of your interpersonal repertoire when it comes to this relationship?
Can you imagine a relationship where there would be no need to defend yourself?
that often feels like giving in rather than an actual compromise
Another very interesting statement.
Your upbringings sound radically different. I'd summarize my thoughts like this:
One of your key values is verity. You want the truth to be spoken. You demonstrate this by living in the world of facts, and you have a love and zeal for facts. You predicate right and wrong based on facts; those who do not have access to the facts, or misunderstand them, or denigrate their primacy, are not your people.
One of your partner's key values is compromise. He wants people to feel good, respected, safe, etc. Compromise (or perhaps something related - gentleness, collaboration, etc.) is primary to him and he would sacrifice facts on the altar of compromise. Right and wrong is predicated more on whether something works for all involved, rather than if it is "right".
I gently suggest that compromise feels like giving in, because you are being asked to compromise the basic values that underlie your personality.
I even more gently suggest that this relationship is not right for you.
There are 3.5 billion men in this world. Find one whose values align with yours and nothing will feel difficult again.