Attached a picture of it. It broke because someone drove over it - it used to have a hood over the pipe. The pipe was filled with leaves/debris and spiderwebs when we were finally able to see into it!
It's next to the shared drive, so in line with the house. House was built in 1935.
I've come up with various theories, such as sewer vent (but there's no smells which come out) or something to equalise water pressure which I read about.
Help? We eventually want to pave over half the front garden so we can get an electric/plug-in car but this thing is in the way!