We moved to Walthamstow 10 years ago from Dalston (just before it became ridiculously trendy). When we bought the house it was classed as 'village borders', but houses for sale on it now are called 'heart of the village' - definition of the 'village' expands every year.
There are definite characters to each area. The village is, indeed, villagey, with a 'naice' Spa, good gastropubs, and even a cheese shop, but some feel it has too many handlebar moustaches, fixed-gear bikes and challenging haircuts. The school of middle-class choice there is Henry Maynard, which has no uniform and a slightly more relaxed approach.
Lloyd Park is very family oriented, but has mainly flats rather than houses, though very nice, purpose-built Warner flats. Lots of good schools - Winns, two branches of Hillyfield...
The area east of Wood Street - Upper Walthamstow - has larger houses, is near the forest, and is handy for Wood Street, which has zillions of independent shops and I think is great. Schools there include Woodside (had been grim, but v much on the up), and St Mary's (Cof E, quite academic).
The bit between Hoe Street and Markhouse Road, around Queens Road, is less expensive, but oddly atmosphere-free. This is changing, gradually. I believe an Italian Deli opened there a few months ago. Good schools there include Edinburgh, Mission Grove and South Grove.
HTH!